The Pericardium And Heart

Question 1

Blood supply to the pericardium is mainly by. and branches of the internal thoracic artery

Answer 1

Pericardiacophrenic
Musculophrenic

Question 2

Other sources of blood supply to the pericardium apart from pericardiacophrenic and musculophrenic branches of the internal artery include

Answer 2

a. Bronchial, esophageal and superior phrenic arteries from thoracic aorta
b. Coronary arteries

Question 3

I am a fibrous closed sac that contains the heart and adjoining parts of great vessels

Answer 3

Pericardium

Question 4

The pericardium lies to the sternum and costal cartilages of the left rib 2 to .

Answer 4

Posterior
6

Question 5

The two sacs of the pericardium

Answer 5

a.Outer fibrous sac
b. Inner serosal sac

Question 6

The fibrous sac is attached to the of the great vessels, central of the diaphragm and anteriorly by ligaments

Answer 6

roots
tendon
sternum
sternopericardial

Question 7

The two layer of serous pericardium

Answer 7

a. Parietal layer
b. Visceral layer

Question 8

Space between the parietal and visceral layers

Answer 8

Pericardial space

Question 9

Pericardial sinuses in the pericardial space

Answer 9

Transverse
Oblique

Question 10

The nerve supply to the pericardium

Answer 10

Phrenic nerve (C3- C5)
Vagus
Sympathetic trunk

Question 11

Venous drainage of the pericardium is from the veins to vein. Other smaller tributaries drain into the system.

Answer 11

Pericardiacophrenic
brachiocephalic
azygous

Question 12

Inflammation of the pericardium

Answer 12

Pericarditis

Question 13

Accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac

Answer 13

Pericardial effusion

Question 14

A life threatening condition in which the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac compresses the heart, preventing it form pumping blood effectively

Answer 14

Cardiac temponade

Question 15

It is an extra heart sound that is caused by the inflamed pericardium rubbing against the heart

Answer 15

Pericardial friction rub

Question 16

Shape of the heart

Answer 16

Conical or pyramidal in shape

Question 17

Surfaces of the heart
Anterior; which is the surface
Inferior; which is the surface
Right and left surfaces

Answer 17

sternocostal
diaphragmatic
pulmonary

Question 18

Why is the apex of the heart important?

Answer 18

Because we listen over the apex for the mitral valve sound

Question 19

The apex of the heart is most commonly behind the intercostal space and near a little to the midclavicular line

Answer 19

5th
medial

Question 20

The base of the heart is formed mainly by the

Answer 20

Left atrium

Question 21

The inferior surface of the heart is separated from the anatomical base by
which is also known as the

Answer 21

Atrioventricular groove
Coronary sinus

Question 22

What is the left pulmonary surface of the heart traversed by

Answer 22

Coronary sinus

Question 23

The three grooves of the heart

Answer 23

a. anterior interventricular groove
b. Coronary sinus
c. Posterior interventricular groove b

Question 24

What separates the smooth walled portion of the right atrium from the rough-walled portion?

Answer 24

Sulcus terminalis

Question 25

This part of the right atrium runs parallel to sulcus terminalis and marks the boundary between the sinus venarum and atrium proper

Answer 25

Crista terminalis

Question 26

This part of the atrium helps in efficient contraction of the atrium

Answer 26

Musculi pectinati

Question 27

This part of the atrium represents the remnant of the foramen ovale in a fortis

Answer 27

Fossa ovalis