Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > The Periodic Law and The Periodic Table > Flashcards

The Periodic Law and The Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is the use of a periodic table?

A
  1. To summarize, correlate and predict chemical information that chemists use on a daily basis.
  2. It is a reminder of names of elements and their symbols.
  3. It is a map of elements.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who discovered the periodic table?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev and Lothar Mayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

State the Modern Periodic Law.

A

Chemical and physical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False: Chemical and physical properties correlate to electronic structure which in turn correlates to the position of the element in the table.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mention components of major biological molecules.

A

C, H, O, P, N, S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mention elements responsible for fluid balance and nerve transmission.

A

Na, K, Cl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mention elements necessary for bones and nerve function.

A

Ca, Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mention elements necessary for metabolism.

A

Zn, Sr, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mention elements poisonous to the body.

A

Cd, Hg, Pb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

True or False: Elements of a group have similar chemical and physical properties.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In 1983, IUPAC changed the convention of naming groups from __________________________ to ___________.

A

Roman Numerals with sub-groups A and B, to numbers 1- 18.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between groups and periods?

A

Groups:
1. Columns
2. Numbered after the no. of electrons in the outermost shell.

Periods:
1. Rows
2. Numbered after the total no. of shells in the elements of the period.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the characteristics of Group s?

A
  1. Fill the s- orbitals
  2. Column 1 and 2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the characteristics of Group p?

A
  1. Fill the p- orbitals
  2. Column 13- 18
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the characteristics of transition elements?

A
  1. Fill the d- orbitals, filling periods 4, 5, 6, 7.
  2. Each column is a sub-group named after the first element.
  3. Between s and p blocks.
  4. Have variable oxidation states.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why do transition metals have variable oxidation states?

A

Because electrons from s and d orbitals participate in bonding.

17
Q

What are the characteristics of lanthanides?

A
  1. Elements from La (57) to Hf(72)
  2. Fill 4f orbitals
  3. Rare alkali earth metals
  4. Have magnetic properties
18
Q

What are the characteristics of actinides?

A
  1. Elements from Ac (89) to Rf (104)
  2. Fill 5f orbitals
  3. Are radioactive
19
Q

Differentiate between metals and non- metals.

A

Metals: Lose e- in chemical reactions
Non- metals: Gain e- in chemical reactions

20
Q

What are the characteristics of metals?

A
  1. Hard and solid at R.T.
  2. Good conductors of heat and electricity.
  3. Lustre, malleability and ductility.
21
Q

What are the characteristics of non- metals?

A
  1. Liquids, gases or solids at R.T.
    2, Bad conductors of heat and electricity.
22
Q

__________ have intermediate properties of metals and non-metals.

A

Metalloids

23
Q

Mention all the metalloids.

A

B, Si, Ge, As, Te, Po, At, Sb

24
Q

What are the characteristics of Group 1?

A
  1. All are metals except hydrogen.
  2. Metals have low density.
  3. Metals have low melting point.
  4. React with H2O to release H2 gas.
  5. React with O2 to form solid white oxides.
  6. Form univalent basic solutions
25
Q

What are the characteristics of Group 2?

A
  1. All are metals.
  2. Are harder and have more density than group 1 metals.
  3. React with H2O to release H2 gas.
  4. React with O2 to form solid white oxides.
  5. Form divalent basic solutions
26
Q

What are the characteristics of Halogens?

A
  1. All are non-metals.
  2. Colored
  3. Diatomic
  4. F, Cl- Gases
    B- Liquid
    I- Solid
  5. React with H2 to form hydrogen halides that react with water to form acidic solutions.
  6. React with metals to form ionic metal halides.
27
Q

What are the characteristics of noble gases?

A
  1. Non-metals
  2. Gases
  3. Colorless
  4. Inert
28
Q

Why are noble gases inert?

A

Because they have a stable electronic configuration.

28
Q

Why are noble gases inert?

A

Because they have a stable electronic configuration.

Chemistry (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions