The Periodic table | 9 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Define the Periodic table
It is a method of categorizing elements according to their properties
How are elements arranged in the periodic table
In order of increasing proton number
Elements with similar properties are found in the same group
How are elements split between metals and non - metals
Elements to the left of the line beneath boron are metals and the ones to the right are non - metals
Where are metalloids in the periodic table
On the dividing line beneath boron
What makes a metalloid
Some of their properties are like metals and some are like non - metals , hence they are metalloids
Describe the Trends in the whole periodic table
Gradual change from metal to non - metal
Increase in the number of electrons in outer shell
Change in structure of element
Giant metallic –> giant covalent –> simple molecular
Explain the electronic configuration of the elements in the periodic table
Group 1 - 1 electron in outer shell
Group 4 - 4 electrons in outer shell
Why do elements in same group have similar chemical properties
They have same number of electrons in their outer shell
Describe the trends of Group 1 Metals
1 electron in outer shell
Very reactive
Soft
Reactivity increases going down the group
Good conductors
Low density
Shiny when cut
Low melting points
What is the name of group 1 metals
Alkali metals
What is name of Group 7 elements
Halogens
Trends of Group 7 elements
7 Electrons in outer shell
Most reactive group
Reactivity increases going up the group
Diatomic
Becomes darker going down the group
Melting point increases going down
Tell the colors of Group 7 elements
Iodine - Grey black solid
Bromine - Red brown liquid
Chlorine - Yellow - green gas
Fluorine - Yellow gas
What is the name of Group 8 Elements
Noble Gases
Tell the trends of Group 8 Elements
Full outer shells
Unreactive
Colorless Gases
Monoatomic
Stable electronic configuration
What are Group 8 elements used for
Argon - Filling tungsten light bulbs
Neon - Florescent light
Explain the trends of transition elements
Less reactive metals
Colored elements
Hard , strong metals
High densities and melting points
Good conductors
Do not react quickly with oxygen / water
Form simple ions with low oxidation numbers and complex ions with high oxidation numbers
Where are transition metals found
From groups 3 to 11
Position of Hydrogen
Placed by itself in periodic table as its properties are unique to itself and does not fit into any trend group
