The Plant Cell Flashcards
(27 cards)
What makes plant cells rigid and waterproof? Why?
2* cell wall. Bc it is Lignified
In what order are the 1° and 2° cells walls? Why?
1* outside
2* inside
because 1* is made first then the 2* is made…..both made by (ask*?)
What holds cell walls together?
The Middle Lamella (which is Modified Pectin)
What are the 3 types of plastids?
1) Chloroplasts
2) Chromoplasts
3) Leucoplasts
What are the 3 forms of leucoplasts?
◊ Amyloplast
◊ Elaioplast
◊ Proteinoplasts
What type of leucoplast stores lipids?
Elaioplast
What is a key concept of plastids and what is an example of this?
all of these plastids can interconvert
EX) fruit ripening
What are the 4 points that support the origin of the chloroplast?
- Membranes—
a. outermembrane=eukaryotic- like,
b. inner membrane= prokaryotic-like - Chromosomes—
a. Form…Circular
b. Function… operon system… like prokaryotic chromosomes - Ribosomes—
a. Look like in prokaryote - Binary fission—
a. Like prokaryote …(bacteria)
How does the way that animal cells communicate differ from the way plant cells communicate?
Animal cells: gap junctions
Plant cells: Plasmodesmata
In what state of solution is a plasmolyzed (shriveled) plant cell? What does it mean for the cell?
Hypertonic solution– the surroundings are a higher concentration… T/f (since water moves to the higher concentration) the water moves OUT OF the cell which is then left shriveled/ plasmolyzed
In what state of solution is a turgid plant cell? What does it mean for the cell?
Hypotonic solution– the surroundings are a lower concentration… T/f (since water moves to the higher concentration) the water moves INTO the cell which allows the
In what state of solution is a flaccid plant cell? What does it mean for the cell?
Isotonic solution– the surroundings are at an equal concentration with the cells… T/f (since water moves to the higher concentration) there is no water movement in or out… which makes the cell lack pressure
In herbaceous plants, what are the 3 tissue systems and what are there function?
- Dermal—protection
- Ground—everything else
- Vascular—carry around
What are the 3 cell types in dermal tissue?
1- pavement cells
2-guard cells
3-trichome
What is the structure, function and location of pavement cells?
® No chloroplasts ® Large vacuoles ® Why? Think of function….. protection NOT photosynthesis …. See through to let the chloroplasts soak in sunlight …… some are convex ® Secrete cutin à cuticle (waxy leaves) ◊ Prevent H2O loss
However prevents gas exchange …
What are the most common types of cells in dermal tissue?
pavement cells
What type of cell secretes cutin?
pavement cells
What is the structure, function and location of guard cells?
® In pairs
® Form stomata
® Gas exchange
® Have chloroplasts
What is the structure, function and location of trichomes?
® “Plant hairs”
® Single cell
® Shape and function vary – “lots of Forms lots of Functions”
® Protection
◊ Ex. White… reflect light; silica … toxins … anti-herbivory
◊ EX. Grandular shape … smell good (ie basil) defend ag insects
® Water & mineral uptake
◊ Root hairs=Increase in surface area
EX Cotton and citrus fruit
What type of tissue composes the majority of the plant?
Ground Tissue
What are the 3 cell types in ground tissue?
1- Parenchyma cells
2-Collencyma cells
3- Sclerenchyma cells
What is the structure, function and location of parenchyma cells ?
Function:
-Storage,
-Photosynthesis
-Secretion
Structure:
-Large, round
-Thin 1* walls
-Alive
Location= throughout the plant bodyWhat word describes parenchyma cells and their ability to differentiate?
Totipotency
What is the structure, function and location of collenchyma cells ?
Structure:
-Alive (@ maturity)
-Thick 1* walls
-Elongated
Function:
-Structure & Support (special type)
Location=just under skin epidermis and along leaf veins
