The Positive and Negative Effects of Religion

Question 1

help advance social harmony by assimilating and stabilizing cultures and nations

Answer 1

Religion Promotes Social Harmony

Question 2

Religion provides divine authority to ethical and moral principles which help promote unity among people

Answer 2

Religion Promotes Social Harmony

Question 3

functions were to intercede between the deities and people; to continue the rituals; to play as healers; and to act as cultural leaders of the community.

Answer 3

Babaylanes or Catalones

Question 4

refers to the attitude of obedience, devotion, and care of one’s parents and elder family members.

Answer 4

Xiao, or filial piety

Question 5

Ahimsa – non-violence

Answer 5

Jainism

Question 6

one is able to distinguish right from wrong, good from evil.

Provides a system of reward and punishment that administers and standardizes people’s behavior in society.

Answer 6

Religion Provides Moral Values

Question 7

It can be very effective in lobbying and campaigning for certain social issues using its own moral teachings as the basis of argument.

Answer 7

Religion Provides Social Change

Question 8

advocates the belief that nonviolence of the mind can lead to the realization of the real nature of an evil situation and that by refusing to cooperate with evil, truth can be asserted.

Answer 8

Satyagraha – Ghandi

Question 9

Religion provides answers for phenomena and questions that science or reason cannot explain.
Belief in afterlife

Answer 9

Religion Reduces Fear of the Unknown

Question 11

follow their dharma (moral and social obligations”
- reap good karma (moral consequences of one’s act)
- attain moksha, or the reunion of Brahman or universal soul and atman or individual soul

Answer 11

Hindus

Question 12

• dying in Jihad (a struggle against unbelievers)
  
  • performing the hajj (Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca)

Answer 12

Muslims

Question 13

that each and everyone has a mission to fulfill, and it is up to them to fathom what their missions in life are.

Answer 13

Religion Gives Positive Goals in Life

Question 14

religion provides people with personal identity as part of a group with similar worldviews, beliefs, values, practices, and lifestyles. sense of security

Answer 14

Religion Gives People a Sense of Belonging

Question 15

• Seva (Sewa) from the word Karseva which means “selfless service.”
  - encouraged by their Guru (Guru Granth Saib)

Answer 15

Sikhism

Question 16

• often favoring men
• political and social structures

Answer 16

Religion Affirms Social Hierarchy

Question 17

• this religion emphasizes on the relations between the ruler and the subject

Answer 17

Confucianism

Question 19

after turning people against themselves, turn people against each other

Religious fanaticism
“right religion”
the outcast or pariahs in India

Answer 19

Religion Causes Discrimination

Question 20

In Palestine, the Jews are in conflict with the Muslims; in Kashmir, it is the Muslims against Hindus; in Sudan, it is the Muslims opposite Christians and animists;

Answer 20

Religion Triggers Conflicts and Fights

Question 21

Karl Marx: “religion is the opium of the masses.”
- the bourgeoisie keeps the proletariat in control through religion

Answer 21

Religion As An Economic Tool for Exploiting the Masses

Question 22

Catholic Church used to teach that the world is flat
- the earth is the center of the solar system (Ptolemaic theory)
- disapproval against reproductive health programs
- Religion-based mortuary practices

Answer 22

Religion Impedes the Scientific Success and Development

Question 23

religion should evolve and learn to adapt to the ever changing world

Answer 23

. Religion Obstructs the Use of Reason

Question 24

the ancient practice of boring holes in the human skull, a surgical procedure performed on epileptics and the mentally ill, with the belief that through the hole the evil spirit will leave the person

Answer 24

Trepanning

Question 25

the killing of oneself as a form of sacrifice, originally referred to as the act of setting oneself on fire. But now it refers to a much wider range of suicidal choices such as leaping off a cliff, starvation, or ritual removing of the guts (also known as seppuku). - used as a form of political protest or martyrdom

Answer 25

Self-immolation

Question 26

set himself on fire in the middle of a street in South Vietnam

Answer 26

Thich Quang Duc (Vietnam in 1963

Question 27

the practice of self-immolation of a widow on her husband’s funeral pyre - believed to have started among the ruling class or rajputs in India - become a manifestation of wifely devotion - outlawed by the British rulers in 1829

Answer 27

Sati (Suttee)

Question 28

burnt herself to death on the funeral pyre of her husband Prem Narayan in Tuslipar village in the central state of Madhya Pradesh

Answer 28

Janakrani

Question 29

refers to the Roman Catholic Church groups charged with subduing heresy from around 1184 - a response to large popular movements in Europe considered heretical or profane to Christianity, particularly;

Answer 29

Inquisition

Question 30

(a Christian dualist movement which espoused the idea of two gods, one being good and the other evil)

Answer 30

Catharism

Question 31

(a Protestant Christian movement which advocated that apostolic poverty is the way to perfection)

Answer 31

Waldensians

Question 32

become associated with the word “torture”

Answer 32

Ad exstirpanda

Question 33

wherein the hands were bound behind the back with a rope, and the accused was suspended this way, dislocating the joints painfully in both arms

Answer 33

strappado

Question 34

February 27, 2002, a train was set on fire in which 59 people, including 25 women and 15 children, were killed happened inside the Sabarmati Express train near the Godhra railway station in the Indian state of Gujarat mostly Hindu pilgrims and activists returning from the holy city of Ayodhya after a religious ceremony at the disputed Babri Masjid site

Answer 34

The Godhra Train Incident in 2002