The Present Tense Flashcards
(152 cards)
1
Q
`What is the ending for Active first, second, third and fourth conjunction Present 1st principal part verbs?
A
Amo
Moneo
Traho
Audio
2
Q
What is the first principle part ending?
A
Amo: the base verb, 1st person, singular, present, active, indicative
i love
3
Q
Second principle part?
A
Amare: Infinitive
to love
4
Q
Third principle part?
A
Amavi:
i loved
i have loved
5
Q
Fourth principle part?
A
Amatus:
loved
6
Q
what do first conjugation verbs normally end with?
A
o, are, avi, atus
e.g., amo, amare, amavi, amatus
7
Q
What do second conjugation verbs normally end with?
A
eo, ere, ui, itus
e.g., Moneo, monere, monui, monitus
normally the long e is present in the first and second principle part, not in the third and fourth. Yet this is not a strict rule to follow.
8
Q
What do third conjugation verbs normally end with?
A
o, ere, i, tus
Tego, tegere, texi, tectus
9
Q
What do fourth conjugation verbs normally end with?
A
io, ire, ivi, itus
e.g., Audio, audire, audivi, auditus
10
Q
What is the present tense?
A
Something happening in the present e.g., i love
11
Q
What is the imperfect tense?
A
habitual, or incomplete actions in the past, often translated as “was/were + -ing” or “used to”
e.g., i was loving
12
Q
What is the Perfect tense?
A
Completed past: something that has been done
e.g.,
i have loved
13
Q
What is the Future tense?
A
Something happening in the future
i will love
14
Q
What is the Pluperfect tense?
A
To expresses an action completed before another past action
e.g., he had loved
15
Q
How to form present tense verbs?
A
- identify present stem
- write in 1st principle part
- add personal endings to stem: o, s, t, mus, tis, nt
3rd conjugation stem varies (i)
the plural 3rd and 4th ends unt
16
Q
What does the cause cum + subjunctive indicate?
A
- When (temporal)
- Since/because (casual)
- Although (concessive)
17
Q
What does the temporal cause dum + indicative indicate?
A
- While
- as long as
- all the time
- until
18
Q
what does the temporal clause dum + subjuntive present/imperefect sub indicate?
A
- until but subjective (reffering to envisaged events)
e.g., we are waiting until you come
- as long as
- provided that
the negative takes ne not non
19
Q
Antequam and priusquam: does it take indicative orn subjuntive if its expressing an event happening or happened?
A
Indicative
e.g,
this happened before i was born: hoc accidit antequam natus sum
20
Q
Example of antequam/priusquam subjuntive? (its defiantly not a Conjunction)
A
cape illum antequam evadat! “Catch him before he escapes!”
envisaged event: subjuntive
21
Q
give definitions to these:
ne
num
an
uttum…an
si
nisi
A
ne: question
num: whether
an: i suspect
uttum…an: whether..or
si: if
nisi: if not
22
Q
What is an absolute ablative?
A
Noun and participle in ablative case showing time or circumstance of action:
e.g., Caesar acceptis litteris nuntum mittit
Caesar, with the letter recived, sends a letter
23
Q
How to form a participle?
A
- take the 2nd pp and remove -re and place -ns e.g., docere - docens
(this is the nominative singular)
nom singular doesnt own a t, everything else does such as docent
this declines adjectivally:
nom: docens docentes
gen: docentis docentium
dat: docenti docentibus
acc: docentem docentes
abl: docenti docentibus
24
Q
what is a supine?
A
Verbal noun from the 4th principle part: e.g., vocatus
Accusative: (-um) after verbs denoting motion and purpose e.g., letter was sent to ask for help
Ablative: (-u) after neuter adjectives (commonly) e.g., dictu: to say
25
What is a participle?
1. Verbal adjective
2. describes nouns
3. describes an adjective happening in the same time of the action of the main verb
4. third declension adjective
26
What is the Gerundive?
1. Verbal adjective
2. used when there is an object
3. Future passive participle
e.g.,
cupido montis ascendi = a desire of climbing the mountain.
27
What is the Gerund?
1. neuter noun
2. used when there isn't an object
e.g.,
mihi est amor scribendi
i have a lot of writing.
28
What are all the active person and number endings?
- o/m/r I
- s You
- t He/She/It
- mus We
- tis You all
- nt They all
29
What are the passive person and number endings?
- r I
- ris You
- tur He/She/It
- mur We
- mini You all
- ntur They all
30
What are deponent verbs?
Verbs that appear passive but translate active
31
What is the Indicative?
Type of mood: expressing fact, statement or questions of fact.
32
Give an example of the present, indicative, active:
Present, Indicative, Active:
Paro: I prepare
Paras: you prepare
Parat: he/she/it prepares
Paramus: We prepare
Paratis: You all prepare
Parant: They prepare
(1st conjungaton)
Active: subject is doing the action
Indicative: statement
33
Give an example of the Present, Indicative, Passive:a
Present, Indicative, Passive:
paror:
pararis:
paratur
paramur
paramini
parantur:
Passive: this action is being done to the subject
Indicative: statement
34
Give an example of the Perfect, Indicative, Active:t
Perfect, Indicative, Active:
Paravi: I had prepard/ I prepared
Paravisti: you prepared
Paravit: He/She/It prepared
Paravimus: We prepared
Paravistis: You all prepared
Paraverunt: They prepared
Perfect: had done: identical form to the third principle part
35
Give an example of the Perfect, Indicative, Passive:
Perfect, Indicative, Passive:
paratus sum : i had been prepared/ i was prepared
paratus es: you
paratus est: he/she/it
parati sumus: we
parati estis: you all
parati sunt: they
masculine: paratus/parati
neuter: paratum/parata
feminine: parata/ paratae
36
Give an example of Imperfect , Indicative, Active
Imperfect, Indicative, Active:
Parabam: I was preparing
Parabas: You were preparing
parabat: He/She/It was preparing
Parabamus: We were preparing
Parabatis: You all were preparing
Parabant: They were preparing
37
Give an example of a Imperfect, Indicative, Passive
Imperfect, Indicative, Passive:
Parabar: I was being prepared
Paraberis: You
Parabitur: He/She/It
Parabamur: We
Parabamini: You all
Parabantur: They
Imperfect: was doing something, it was interrupted
38
Give an example of a Pluperfect Indicative, active
Imperfect, Indicative, Active:
Past past: had
Paraveram: I had loved
paraveras: you had loved
paraverat: He/She It had loved
Paraveramus: we had loved
Paraveratis: you all had loved
Paraverant: they had loved
39
Give an example of a Pluperfect Indicative, Passive
Plurperfect, indciative, passive:
i had been
doctus/a/um eram: i had been taught
doctus eras: you had been taught
doctus erat: he/she/it had been taught
doctus eramus: we had been taught
doctus eratis: you all had been taught
doctus erant: they had been taught
40
How to form pluperfect, indicative, passive
Take 4th principle part: amatus
turn into adjective:
singular:
M: amatus
F: amata
N: amatum
plural: using adjectival rule
M: amati
F: amatae
N: amata
41
Give an example of future, indicative, active:
future, indicative, active:
Parabo: i will prepare
parabis: you will prepare
parabit: he/she/it will prepare
parabimus: we will prepare
parabitis: you all will prepare
parabunt: they will prepare
1 and 2nd delcension
42
Which tense is the only tense that has two different forms based on conjugations?
Future tense
43
How to form first and second future tense?
1. identify the present stem
2. add infix bo/bi/bi/bi/bi/bu
3. add personal endings
mus
s. tis
t. nt
ama + bo + mus = amabomus = we will love
amabo. amabimus
amabis. amabitis
amabat. amabunt
44
How to form third and fourth future tense?
1. identify the present stem
2. add the infix - a/e/e/e/e/e/e
3. add the personal endings
m. mus
t. tis
et. nt
audio. audire = audi
audiam. audiemus
audies. audietis
audiet. audient
45
How to form second and first declension future, indicative, passive?
Present stem + infix + passive ending
bo/bi/bi/bi/bi/bu r mur
ris mini
tur ntur
amabor amabimur
amaberis amabimini
amabitur amabuntur
i will be loved
you will be loved
he/she/it will be loved
we will be loved
you all will be loved
they will be loved
we change amabiris to amaberis because of pronunciation evoution
46
how to form third and fourth declension indicative, future, passive?
Remember third ends with o normally, and fourth endings with i normally
present stem + infix + passive ending
a/e/e/e/e/e
r. mur
ris. . mini
tur ntur
capiar capiemur
capieris capiemini
capietur capientur
i will catch
you will catch
he/she/it will catch
we will catch
you all will catch
they will catch
47
How to form future perfect, indicative, active?
1. Identify the perfect stem:
3rd principle part without the i ending: Amav
2. Add the future of sum,esse
ero erimus
eris eritis
erit erint
amavero amaverimus
amaveris amaveritis
amaverit amaverint
i will have loved
you will have loved
he/she/it will have loved
we will have loved
you all will have loved
they will have loved
48
How to form future perfect, indicative, passive?
1. take the 4th PP and turn into adjectival form
singular: doctus/a/um
plural: docti/ae/a
2. add the active future of sum/esse
ero. erimus
eris eritis
erit erunt
doctus ero: i will have been taught
doctus eris: you will have been taught
doctus erit: he/she/it/ will have been taught
docti erimus: we will have been taught
docti eritis: you all will have been taught
doctus erunt: they will have been taught
49
How to form present active subjuncitve?
1. present stem - change into vowel
1st. ā. - e
2nd ē. - ea
3rd e. - a
3rd io. e. - ia
4th ī. - ia
2. add personal endings
amem amemus
ames ametis
amet. ament
let me love let us love
let you love let you all love
let he/she/it love. love them love
50
when is the subjuntive mood used?
Actions that are:
- hypothetical
- not true
-unreal
-possible
- hoped for
specific instances such as:
- result
-purpose
- conditions
-urging
-potential
-indirect questions
51
Give the irregular subjuncive of to be: sum,esse
sim. simus
sis sitis
sit sint
52
How to form present passive subjunctive?
1. identify the present stem subjuntive - remember:
1st. ā. - e
2nd ē. - ea
3rd e. - a
3rd io. e. - ia
4th ī. - ia
2. add passive endings
r. mur
ris. . mini
tur ntur
laudar laudamur
laudaris laudamini
laudatur laudantur
let me be praised
let you be praised
let he/she/it be praised
let us be praised
let you all be praised
let them all be praised
53
what is an intransitive verb?
Doesnt require an object to complete meaning: such as to laugh
it doesnt have a passive form
54
what happens to the active, subjuntive present verb when put into passive?
faciam
facias
faciat
faciamus
faciatis
faciant
fiam
fias
fiat
fiamus
fiatis
fiant
55
how to form imperfect active subjuctive?
1. use the 2nd pp and add normal active endings
amo, amare
amarem. amaremus
amares. amaretis
amaret. amarent
i would love/ if i were loving
you would love
he/she/it would love
we would love
you all would love
they would love
56
how to form imperfect passive subjuntive?
2nd princple part + passive ending:
amarer amaremur
amaris amaremini
amaretur amarentur
i would be loved
for deponants just turn into are/ere endings - more complicated meaning but i cant b bothered.
57
how to form perfect active subjunctive?
1. 3rd principle part without i
2. add eri
3. add personal endings
amaverim amerverimus
amaveris amaveritis
amaverit amaverint
side note: looks like future perfect indicative, use context to distinguish
58
how to form perfect subjuntctive passive:
1. 4th principle part + make adjectival
2. add subjunctive sum endings:
sim simus
sis sistis
sit sint
so:
amatus/a/um sim
amatus/a/um sis
amatus/a/um sit
amatus/ae/a simus
amatus/ae/a sistis
amatus/ae/a sint
59
how to form pluperfect subjunctive active?
Perfect, subjunctive, active:
1. 3rd pp without 1
2. add isse
3. add endings
m. mus
s. tis
t. nt
so:
amavissem
amavisses
amavisset
amavissemus
amavissetis
amavissent
60
How to form pluperfect passive subjunctive?
Pluperfect passive subjunctive:
1. 4th pp with adjectival endings
2. add the imperfect subjuntive verb to be: essem
so:
amatus/a/um essem
amatus/a/um esses
amatus/a/um esset
amatus/ae/a essemus
amatus/ae/a essetis
amatus/a/ae essent
61
How to form. the present, infinitive , active?
1. 2nd principal part e.g., monere, audire
to...
present: verb same time
62
how to form present, infinitive, passive?
1. 2nd pp ending in í:
arí, erí,erí, irí
to be...ed
present: verb same time
e.g., parari, moneri, regi, audiri
63
How to form perfect active, infinitive?
1. 3rd pp (remove the í)
2. + isse
to have...ed
perfect: verb time before
e.g., paravisse
64
How to form perfect, infinitive, passive?
1. 4th principle part
2. plus esse
e.g., paratus esse
to have been...ed
perfect: verb time before
65
how to form future, active, infinitive?
1. 4th pp ending in -urus (+ esse yet not always applicable)
to be going to...
future: verb time after
e.g., paraturus esse
66
how to form future, infinitive, passive?
1. Accusative supine e.g., 4th pp with m not s
2. + írí
to be going to be...ed
e.g., paratum iri
67
How to form imperative singular and plural?
Imperative: to command
1. 2nd pp without the -re (thats the singular)
2. add -te for plural
ama - amate
doce - docete
tege - tegite (often e replaced with i in 3rd declesion)
audi - audite
68
What is common for the imperative?
found in the present and second person, vocative nouns and its customary to place imperative at the beginning of the sentence.
69
what is a perfect passive participle?
1. 1st and 2nd declension verbal adjectives
2. time before
3. can introduce it via: when, since, after
4. find it with:
Alblative of Agent: person, ab/a, by the enemy (ab hoste)
Ablative of means: object, no preposition, by the sword (gladio)
70
how to form perfect passive participle?
1. take the 4th pp: laudatus
stem: laudat
M.S:
nom: laudatus
gen: laudati
dat: laudato
acc: laudatum
abl: laudato
M.P:
nom: laudati
gen: laudatorum
dat: laudatis
acc: laudatos
abl: laudatis
translate with ed..: having been praised
71
What are future active participles?
1. 1st and 2nd declension endings (Adjectivally)
2. found in active periphrastic: conveys intention/future action e.g., i am going to say/i wanted to say
3. shows an action likely to happen
4. translate with going to
72
How to form future active participles?
1. 4th pp, add in ur between the stem and us: laudatus = laudaturus
meaning: going to praise
i was going to praise.
73
How to form the Gerundive?
Gerundive?
1. 2nd p.p - remove the re = amare - ama
2. + nd
3. + us/a/um = singular adjectival ending (2nd and 1st declension)
amandus
74
How to form the Gerund?
Gerund:
1. 2nd pp + remove re
2. + nd
3. add neuter, noun, 1+2nd declension ending: um/um/i/o/o
75
what prepositions show purpose with gerunds and gerundives?
ad + accusative
gentiive + gratia
gentiive + causia
e.g., vivis non ad deponedam sed ad confirmandam auddiciam =
you live not for setting aside but for strengthening your boldness.
76
When Ablatives are used in gerundives and gerunds, what does this mean?
Ablative:
1. instrumental:
in laudo et in vituprando : in praising and in blaming
2. manner, means, cause etc:
multa pollicendo persuadet = in persuading them by promosing many things
3. comparative adjectives:
nulium officium referenda gratia magis necessaitium est =
No duty is more necessary than repaying kindness
77
What does est express when paired with gerundives?
Necessity or obligation. When paired with est, it forms the passive periphrastic construction, indicating that something must be done.
Example:
Liber legendus est.
"The book must be read."
78
When the gerund is paired with the genitive case, what does this denote?
An objective:
neque consoli habendi neque arma capiendi spatio dato:
with a bit of time given neither for forming a plan nor for grabbing weapons.
79
What are the eight irregular verbs?
sum; possum = to be; to be able
volo, nolo,malo = to want, to be unwilling, to prefer
eo: i go/travel
fero : to bring/carry
fio: to become
80
What are five common personal pronouns?
ego/nos: i/we
s. p
tu/nos: you/you all
s. p
se: himself/herself/ itself/themselves
reflexive pronoun
81
What are four common demonstrative pronouns?
is/ea/id: he/she/it/that
hic/haec/hoc: this, this, this (singular)
ille/illa/illud: that/those, that/those, that/those (personal)
iste/ista/istud: that (proximity)
82
Difference between a relative and interrogative pronoun?
Relative: whom, who - the subjects are already known .e.g, the girl who i know
Interrogative: subject isn't known which girl did this?
83
what does the interrogative pronoun quis/quis/quid mean?
quis/quis/quid = who/which (singular)
m f n
84
what does qui/quae/qua mean?
quis/quae/qua = who/which (plural)
m f n
85
What does the pronominal adjective nemo mean?
nemo = no one
86
what does illi/illae/illa demonstrative pronoun mean?
Those (plural)
87
Whats the difference between ille/illi when accompanying a noun and it alone?
ille (s) and illi (p): When with noun it agrees with the noun in gender, case and number.
On its own it means that/women, that thing or he/she/it.
88
What does illinc, illic and illuc mean?
illinc: from there
illic: (at) there
illuc: (to) there
89
what does hi/hae/haec mean?
how is the translation different from it being alone and it being accompanied with a noun
hi/hae/haec: this man/ this women/ this thing / he/she/it
with a noun: this/these - agrees with gender, case, number
90
Give the meaning of hinc, hic and huc
hinc: from here
hic: (at) here
huc: (to) here
91
How are ille and hic often used in combination?
For contrast sake regarding men: to mean 'the former...the latter'
92
What does is/ea/id mean?
How does its affect on grammar differ from if it is alone of if it accompanies a noun e.g., eius (Genitive)
he/she/it
Alone it means that man/women/thing or simply he/she/it.. When accompanying a noun it means that/those
93
what is the difference between is/ea/id and ilee/illad/illud?
is/ea/id = the one mentioned
ille,illad,illud = the former one as opposed to this one
94
What does iste/ista/itsud mean?
iste/iste/istud = that of yours
m f n
95
what does the relative base its gender, case and number of?
Its antecedent = the noun the pronoun replaces or refers back to. The case is determined from the antecedents function within the relative clause.
A relative pronoun in the beginning of a sentence is called a connecting relative; it doesn't introduce a relative clause, it translates as demonstrative (pronoun) e.g., this, that
96
What deos idem/eadem/idem mean?
idem/eadem/idem = the same
m f n
declines like is/ea/id but with dem on the end but the mas is idem not isdem.
97
What does quidam/quaedam/quoddam mean?
quidam/quaedam/quoddam = a certain someone
m f n
98
what are the passive verb endings?
r, ris, tur mur, mini, ntur
99
how to form perfect, active, indicative?
3rd p.p without the i ending
add perfect endings
i
isiti
it
imus
istis
erunt
e.g., paravi
100
What are the passive endings?
r, ris, tur, mur, mini, ntur
101
What mood changes the ending of its stem into e,ea,a,ia,ia
Passive Subjunctive Present:
1st: a-e
2nd: e-ea
3rd: e-a
3rd io: e-ia
4th:i-ia
102
What are the subjunctive sum endings?
sim, sis, sit
simus, sistis, sint
103
What are the imperfect subjunctive verb to be endings?
essem, esses, esset
essemus, essetis, essent
104
What is the present indicative verb of the verb to be?
sum
es
est
sumus
estis
sunt
105
What is the present subjunctive verb of the verb to be?
sim
sis
sit
simus
sitis
sint
106
What is the imperfect indicative verb of the verb to be?
eram
eras
erat
eramus
eratis
erant
107
What is the imperfect subjunctive of the verb to be?
essem
esses
esset
essemus
essetis
essent
108
What is the future indicative of the verb to be?
ero
eris
erit
erimus
eritis
erunt
109
What is the perfect indicative of the verb to be?
fui
fuisti
fuit
fuimus
fuistis
fuerunt
110
What is the perfect subjunctive of the verb to be?
fuerim
fueris
fuerit
fuerimus
fueritis
fuerint
111
Pluperfect, indicative of the verb to be?
fueram
fueras
fuerat
fueramus
fueratis
fuerant
112
Subjuntive, plurperfet of the verb to be?
fuissem
fuisses
fuisset
fuissemus
fuissetis
fuissent
113
What is the future perfect of the verb to be?
Fuero
fueris
fuerit
fuerimus
fueritis
fuetint
114
What is a preposition?
A short word that shows a relationship in a specific time or space e.g., in, around, with, under
takes a noun, that noun changes its case depending on the preposition
either takes ablative or accusative
115
What does the preposition cum + ablative mean?
cum + ablative = with
e.g., cum amicis (ablative)
with friends
116
What does the preposition ad + accusative mean?
ad + accusative = to, towards
e.g.,
ad forum (accusative) = towards the forum
117
Give common ablative prepositions?
ab/a : away from
cum: with
de: down from
ex/e: out from
pro: in front of
sine : without
118
Give common accusative prepositions?
ad: to, towards
ante: before
apud: at, near
circum: around
inter: among
ob: on acccount of
per: through
post: behind
prope: near
119
Difference between acc and abl in?
(preposition)
Ablative: in, on e.g. i am walking in my house
In villa ambulo
Accusative: into, onto e.g., i a walking into my house
in villam ambulo
120
Difference between ablative and accusative sub?
(preposition)
ablative: under
e.g., umbrae sub terrā habitant = shades ive under the earth
Accusative: up to
e.g., milites sub montem succedunt = the solidiers go from underneath up to the mountain.
121
What is a relative pronoun?
A pronoun that refers back to the antecedent (before the pronoun, the subject)
amicus, qui me visitat, est laetus
the friend, who is visiting me, is happy.
who= relative pronoun
friend = antecedent
1. relative has the same gender and number as the antecedent
2. Relative gets its case from how it is used in the relative cause.
122
What are the subjunctive translations of ut? (3)
. how = ut
. as = ut
. when = ut
123
What are the indicative translations of ut? (4)
. so...that, that....not (result) = ut
. in order to (purpose) = ut
. that not (fear) = ut/ ne non
. to (command) = ut
124
What does the purpose clause ne + subjunctive indicate?
ne (negative) + subjunctive = in order that...not/lest
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Possible indicative and subjunctive meanings behind the conjugation si = if
indicative:
(factual condiiton)
subjunctive:
. hypothetical
. in future (present subjunctive)
. present (imperfect subjunctive)
. in past (pluperfect subjunctive)
126
Indicative meanings of cum?
indicative:
. when(ever)
. with
. as well as
. because
127
subjunctive meanings of cum>
subjunctive:
. when/same (or given that)
. although
. as soon
. while
. seeing that
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Possible subjunctive and indicative meanings of dum?
Indicative:
. until
. while
. as long as
subjunctive:
. until
. provided that
. as long as
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What is an absolute ablative?
Phrase of a noun and participle in the ablative case.
shows time or circumstance of an action
not gramatically dependent on any word - why its absolute
acts adverbally
Functions:
1. general time relationship
2. showing cause
3. as a concession
4. as a contradiciton
5. showing means
6. showing manner
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Give examples of different forms of ablative absolutes?
Formed with noun and participle
e.g., Caesar, acceptis litteris, huntium mittit
Caesar with the letter recieved, sends a messanger.
Formed with second noun and adjective
e.g,.
Orgetorix, Marco Messala Morco Pisone consuilinus, coniurationem fecit
With Marcus Messala (and) Marcus Piso being consuls, Orgetorix made a conspiracy.
Or adjective alone
exiga parte aestatis reliqua
with a small part of the summer remaining.
Used as an adjective:
libato: after liberation has been made
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What is an indirect statement?
reported statement without saying what precisely was said:
Direct statement:
Canis sedet = my dog is sitting
Indirect statement:
Marcus dixit canem sedere
Marcus says that his dog is sitting
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The infinitive in an indirect statement? How is this structured?
The infinitive with its subject in the accussative case is used in an indirect statement after verbs of knowing, thinking, telling and perceiving.
e.g.,
Marcus dicit canem sedere
Marcus said his dog would sit.
canem: subject accussative
sedere: indirect statement infinitive.
133
Hoe do subjuntives apply to indirect speeches?
In indirect speeches, a question has a verb in the subjunctive mood, while a rhetorical question uses an infinitive.
Indirect question:
nescis quid sentiam
noe one knows what im thinking
sentiam = present subjunctive
quid = question word.
134
How are subjunctives used in main clauses?
Used to convey wishes or possibilities:
1. Wishes: often signalled with utinam or o si
2. possibilities: signalled with words like fortasse.
135
Perfect stem endings?
i, isti, it mus, istis, erunt
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what form is this:
parabo, parabis, parabit, parabimus, parabitis, parabunt
bo/bi/bi/bi/bi/bu
Future, indicative, active
137
What form is this:
parabor, parabaris, parabatur, parabamur, parabamini, parabantur
bo/ba/ba/ba/ba/ba/
Imperfect, indicative, passive
138
What form is this:
parabor, paraberis, parabitur, parabimur, parabimini, parabintur
bo/be/bi/bi/bi/bu
Future, Indicative, Passive
139
What form is this:
parabam, parabas, parabat, parabamus, parabatis, parabant
ba/ba/ba/ba/ba/ba/
Imperfect Indicative active
140
What form is this:
parabar, parabaris, parabatur, parabamur, parabamini, parabantur
ba/ba/ba/ba/ba/ba
Imperfect indicative passive
141
What form is this:
pararem, parares, pararet, pararemus, pararetis, pararent
Active Subjunctive Imperfect
142
What form is this:
parerer, pararetis, pararetur, pararemur, pararemini, pararentur
Passive Subjunctive imperfect
143
What form is this:
paravi, paravisti, paravit, paravimus, paravistis, paraverunt
i, isti, it, imus, istis, erunt
Perfect indicative active
144
What form is this:
paratus sum, paratus es, paratus est, parati sumus, parati ests, parati sunt
Perfect Passive Indicative:
4th pp plus perfect indicative of the verb to be
145
What form is this:
paraverim, paraveris, paraverit, paraverimus, paraveritis, paraverint
Active Subjunctive Perfect
3rd p.p (used for active)
plus
future indicative of the verb to be
146
What form is this:
paratus sim, paratus sis, paratus sit, parati simus, parati sistis, parati sunt
Passive Subjunctive perfect
4th pp plus the subjunctive to be ending
147
What is this form:
paravero, paravetis, paravert, paraverimus, paravertitis, paraverint
Future Perfect Indicative Active:
(used or active) 3rd pp + future indicative of verb to be
148
What form is this:
Paratus ero, paratus eris, paratus, erit, paratus erimus, paratus eritis, paratus erunt.
ero, eris, erit, erimus, eritis, erunt
Future Perfect Indicative Passive:
4th pp (used for passve)
plus
the future indicative verb to be
149
What tenses dont have active subjunctives?
Future perfects and future
150
What form is this:
paraveram, paraveras, paraverat, paraveramus, paraveratis, paraverant
Pluperfect Active Indicative:
Paraveram, paraveras, paraverat, paraveramus, paraveratis, paraverant
3rd pp (used for active).
plus
imperfect indicative of verb to be
151
What form is this:
Paratus eram, paratus eras, paratus erat, paratus eramus, paratus eratis, paratus erant
Pluperfect Passive indicative:
4th pp (used for passives)
plus
the imperfect indicative verb to be
152
what form uses isse?
Pluperfect Subjunctive active
