The Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards
(8 cards)
1
Q
What are the basic assumptions of the Psychodynamic Approach?
A
-The unconscious mind
-Instincts/Drives
Early childhood experiences
2
Q
3 levels of thought:
A
- The conscious mind: thoughts and feelings we are aware of
- The preconscious mind: memories we can access at any time
- The unconscious mind: thoughts, feelings and memories that are locked away because they are too painful to remember
3
Q
The Structure of Personality
A
- the Id, Ego and Superego are in constant conflict for libido.
- Id: unconscious, ‘pleasure principle’, selfish part
- Ego: conscious, ‘reality principle’, sensible and rational
- Superego: part conscious, part unconscious, morally right part
4
Q
What are Ego Defence Mechanisms?
A
- The unconscious conflict between the Id, Ego and Superego causes anxiety.
- Repression: hurtful memories are pushed out of conscious recollection
- Denial: unconsciously pretending that a problem doesn’t exist
- Displacement: when a strong emotion is unconsciously passed to a more acceptable target
5
Q
What are the psychosexual stages of development?
A
- Shape our personality
- Successful completion leads to normal behaviour
- Abnormal or undesirable behaviour occurs if a child becomes over-gratified or fixated on one stage
6
Q
Oral stage
A
- 0-18 months
- fixation could occur if feeding patterns are irregular or given a dummy too often
- oral gratification is gained from smoking, biting nails, chewing pens
7
Q
Anal stage
A
-18m-3 years
-pleasure is gained from expulsion or retention of faeces during potty training
-Expulsion results in a generous, overly emotional adult
retention results in an organised, neat adult
8
Q
Phallic stage
A
- 3-6 years
- boys experience Oedipus complex
- girls experience Elektra complex
- fixation occurs when there is no father figure present to identify with (boys) or develop closer affections for (girls)
- fixation can result in homosexuality
