The Reformation

Question 1

Name the six causes of the reformation

Answer 1

1. Wealth
2. Ignorance of the priesthood
3. Abuses in the church
4. Influence of the printing press
5. Influence of the Renaissance
6. Sale of indulgences

Question 2

What were the four abuses in the church?

Answer 2

i) Simony
ii) Nepotism
iii) Absenteeism
iv) Pluralism

Question 3

Explain simony

Answer 3

The buying and selling of church positions

Question 4

Explain nepotism

Answer 4

Appointing relatives to church positions

Question 5

Explain absenteeism

Answer 5

When a priest or Cardinal is frequently away from his church parish

Question 6

Explain pluralism

Answer 6

Having more than one church position or being in charge of more than one parish

Question 7

What was the Reformation?

Answer 7

The establishment of the Protestant religion in the 16th century

Question 8

When and where was Martin Luther born?

Answer 8

1483 in saxony Germany

Question 9

What does ‘justification by faith alone’ mean?

Answer 9

It was Luther’s main belief that having faith in God alone would allow a person to go to heaven

Question 10

In what year did Luther write 95 theses and nail them to the door of Wittenberg castle?

Answer 10

1517

Question 11

What led Luther to be excommunicated?

Answer 11

He publicly burned his papal bull

Question 12

What was the Diet of Worms?

Answer 12

This was a parliament of German princes and rulers

Question 13

Who was Jean Calvin ?

Answer 13

A French Protestant who fled to Switzerland because of his beliefs

Question 14

What did Jean Calvin establish?

Answer 14

The Calvinist Church (Presbyterian)

Question 15

What was Calvin’s book called?

Answer 15

The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Question 16

What was Calvin’s main belief

Answer 16

Predestination

Question 17

Who brought Calvinism to Scotland?

Answer 17

John Knox

Question 18

Why did King Henry VIII set up the Anglican Church?

Answer 18

Because he Pope refused to grant him an annulment

Question 19

What was the counter reformation?

Answer 19

The Catholic Church’s attempt to stop the spread of Protestantism and to win people back to Catholicism

Question 20

What three methods did the Catholic Church use to stop the spread of Protestantism and win back people to Catholicism?

Answer 20

1. The Council of Trent
2. The Jesuits
3. The Inquisition

Question 21

What were the results of the reformation?

Answer 21

1. Europe split
2. Religious wars
3. Persecution

Question 22

What were the effects of the reformation on Ireland?

Answer 22

1. England tried to spread Protestantism to Ireland
2. Henry VIII closed down all the monasteries in Ireland
3. Plantations and many wars
4. Penal laws were introduced

Question 23

How did Luther’s teachings differ to those of the Catholic Church?

Answer 23

LUTHER:
-Justification by faith alone
-Bible is the main source of religious truth
-Two sacraments
-Consubstantiation
-Local prince/king was leader of the church in their area
-Priests can marry
CHURCH:
-Faith + good works = heaven
-Religious truth found in teachings of the church and in the bible
-Seven sacraments
-Transubstantiation
-Pope was the head of the church
-Priests cannot marry

Question 24

How did Protestants get their name?

Answer 24

In 1529, Emporer Charles V rejected the Confesion of Augsburg (summary of Lutheranism beliefs) and tried to ban Lutheranism. A number of princes protested and were labelled as Protestanys

Question 25

When did Luther die?

Answer 25

1546

Question 26

What was the Council of Trent?

Answer 26

Was a series of meetings between the Pope, Cardinals and Archbishops in the Catholic Church. The wanted to reform problems in the Catholic Church. They met in the town of Trent, Italy over a 20 year period.

Question 27

Who set up the Jesuits?

Answer 27

Ignatius of Loyola

Question 28

What was Loyola's book called?

Answer 28

Spiritual Exercises

Question 29

What was the Inquisition?

Answer 29

A church court set up to put people on trial for heresy