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SS HO9 > The Renaissance > Flashcards

The Renaissance Flashcards

1
Q

Renaissance

A

“rebirth”; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome

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2
Q

What were the major changes during the Renaissance?

A

Political - People more involved and power disturbed differently
Socially - Get away from large gap between rich/poor; recreation of middle class.
Economically - More trad, and economic activity/growth
Culturally - Blending/mixing of culture (similar to hellenistic age)

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3
Q

Place where the renaissance began

A

Italy

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4
Q

Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?

A

Less affected than other areas by Black death
Reminders existed - Roman Colosseum reminded of their former glory
Patrons - Wealthy person that supports other people financially for funding things such as their business, school, or passion to innovate.

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5
Q

Patron

A

A person who provides financial support for the arts

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6
Q

Humanism

A

A Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements

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7
Q

What did Humanism shift away from?

A

Shifted focus away from religion but did not want to completely cut out religious
Wanted to broaden focus to things other than religion

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8
Q

Are humanists anti-religion

A

NO

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9
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Italian painter and sculptor and engineer and scientist and architect

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10
Q

Fracesco Petrarch

A

But together a library of famous Greek and Roman works
Examples of people work he complied in this library
Homer - Greek
Virgil - Roman

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11
Q

What did renaissance artists focus on?

A

They were more focused on individual achievements and not religious issues.

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12
Q

Church’s view on Humanism?

A

Did not support it since Humanism shifted view away from the Church
Humanism sometimes supported religious but didn’t want it was 1st priority - church against that

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13
Q

How was Renaissance in the North affected?

A

It was delayed due to northern regions hit harder by the black death.

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14
Q

Albrecht Durer

A

Aka German Leonardo - Famous for paintings/engraving and his works yet religious were in a more about the churches upheaval (violet/sudden change/disruption).
His works had the Church in a bad light.
He revolutionized the engraving medium and popularized it.

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15
Q

Sir Thomas More

A

Wrote books Utopia - about idea society where everyone lived in peace and Harmony.
Utopia - Distant perfect world

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16
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

Time of protest and reform
Reform - time to change
Church changes during this time.
People loose faith in CHURCH but NOT Christ - new branches/beliefs on Christianity are formed.

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17
Q

Indulgences

A

Churches offer forgiveness to all of someone’s sins.
Usually given to people that did good at first.
Later became an extremely expensive product being sold by the church.
Most people can’t afford it so it causes major outrage and leads to the protestant Reformation.

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18
Q

Renaissance writer

A

Sir Thomas More

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19
Q

Renaissance Engraver

A

Albrecht Durer

20
Q

Renaissance Painter

A

Leonardo da Vinci

21
Q

Renaissance “Librarian”

A

Francesco Petrarch

22
Q

Martin Luther

A

German Monk
Opposed Indulgences
Felt pope had no authority to release souls from Purgatory.
Wrote 95 Theses

23
Q

What caused the Peasants in German lands to revolt?

A

It was Luther’s statements and they felt Luther would side with them, yet Luther didn’t side with the peasants causing the revolt to be quickly put down.

24
Q

John Calvin

A

Opposed Indulgences
Believed in Predestination
Established Geneva in Switzerland as a Theocracy(led by God/Religious leaders)

25
Q

Peace of Augsburg 1555

A

German Princes decide Religion to be Followed in their lands - without Interference

26
Q

What caused Henry VIII to split from church?

A

He wanted a male heir and his current wife was unable to have another child. He wanted to marry Catherine of Aragon by annulling his current marriage, church wouldn’t annul his marriage

27
Q

What was name of the branch Henry VIII founded

A

Church of England/Anglican Church

28
Q

Characteristics of Anglican Church

A

Had many Catholic beliefs but rejected authority of pope.

29
Q

Sir Thomas More’s relationship with Henry VIII

A

High Chancellor

30
Q

How did More die?

A

Executed after refusing to acknowledge Henry as head of the Church of England.

31
Q

What did More’s execution symbolize

A

Conflict between Catholics and Protestants and More’s death contributed to growth of Catholicism in England during the Counter-Reformation.

32
Q

English Reformation Consequences

A

Dissolution of monasteries
Establishment of the Church of England/Anglican Church
Persecution of Catholics and Protestants who opposed the reigning monarchs religious policies.

33
Q

More’s dad profession

A

Judge

34
Q

More’s job

A

lawyer

35
Q

Council of Trent

A

Called for the Purpose of directing the reform movement in the Church.
Provide Penalties for Corruption

36
Q

How did Church deal with corruption

A

Demoted corrupted leaders

37
Q

Jesuits

A

Defended and spread the catholic Church.

38
Q

Anabaptist

A

Extremists who were against infant baptism.

39
Q

Witch Hunt

A

10,000s people died
Girls and Women Persecuted
Unfair trials Ex. Throw in river tied up and if they live they not witch
Catholic church didn’t reject the hunt yet didn’t support it either.

40
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus

A

Scientist, started to find evidence for Heliocentric Theory
Later excommunicated

41
Q

Galileo

A

Supported Heliocentric theory and advanced the idea with more proof.
Later excommunicated

42
Q

Geocentric

A

Universe revolving around earth
Idea proposed by Greeks

43
Q

How did Church stand on Heliocentric idea?

A

It was opposed to the idea

44
Q

How did Scholars stand on Heliocentric idea?

A

They supported it

45
Q

Hypothesis

A

Possible explanation to be tested using a step by step process.

46
Q

Heliocentric theory

A

Sun being center of the universe

SS HO9 (5 decks)

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