The Renaissance Flashcards
(42 cards)
timeline
ancient times –> fall of western roman empire –> medieval times –> fall of eastern roman empire (Constantinople)/Columbus arrived in America –> the Renaissance –> modern times
when was the renaissance
14-16th century
what does the term “renaissance” mean
rebirth
what was “reborn” in the renaissance
classical/Greco-Roman learning/civilization
Where did the renaissance begin and where did it subsequently spread
It started in Florence, an Italian city-state, and the spread to the rest of Europe
how would you describe the faith of the Europeans in the early middle ages
They were faithful Christians, religious, obedient to the church
give evidence from historical knowledge to prove the religious sense of Europeans in the early middle ages
- central location of the church in a manor + tall & ground cathedrals
- the church could excommunicate people
- the church’s teaching dominated
- the church was the biggest land owner + people had to give tithe (1/10 of income) to the church
- people believed in the church and bought indulgences
impact of bad behaviors of churchmen in the late middle ages (eg. selling indulgences)
People started to doubt the church because of its corrupt practices. Instead of following everything the church asked them to do, they started to think there were better ways to worship god
affects of setting up of universities in late middle ages
- spread knowledge through education
- more subjects, eg. science
–> spread of education and knowledge
–> develop critical and individual thinking
new ideas brought from the muslim arabs
new ideas from the east
–> people realized that the church was not always correct
decline of church conclusion
the power of the church was weakened. It started to lose its influence on the way of thinking of the people. People refused to accept blindly the ideas advocated by the church
how did the following lead to the decline of the nobility and rise of freemen?
some medieval towns became rich through their freedom and formed their own government
nobles gradually lost the control over their vassals, and hence the power of the nobility declined
how did the following lead to the decline of the nobility and rise of freemen?
many peasants went to towns and city-states to look for paid jobs
nobles gradually lost the control over their vassals, and hence the power of the nobility declined
how did the following lead to the decline of the nobility and rise of freemen?
the black death killed one-third of the people and animals in Europe
- nobles lost man power (serfs were owned by nobles as property)
- needed to employ paid freemen to work in the fields
- further weakened the power of the nobles
decline of feudalism impact
with the decline of feudalism, people’s life and way of thinking was liberated. They started to question old beliefs and develop new life goals
who invented the printing press
Gutenberg (a German craftsman)
what did Gutenberg invent
the movable metal type printing press
what happened after the invention of printing press
books were then produced by printing instead of writing manuscripts and wooden block painting
advantages of the invention of printing press
- books are made more cheaply, quickly and accurately
- more people could afford books
- spread of new ideas and education
what is the cause of this effect?
interest in classical learning
- falling of constantinople in 1453 – scholars in the eastern roman empire fled to italy, bringing with them classical greek and roman writing.
- italian city-states had many roman remains
what is the cause of this effect?
- spread of knowledge
- encouraged independent thinking and creativity
- decline of the church and feudalism
- invention of printing press
what is the effect of this cause?
italian city-states became rich as a result of increased trade
rich merchants patronized works of art and other projects
reasons why the renaissance started in roman city-states
- italian city-states had many roman remains
- italian city-states became rich as a result of increased trade
what does humanism emphasize
it emphasized that human beings had their values, abilities, creativity and freedom. Human beings were important.
