The Renaissance and Reformation Flashcards
(43 cards)
What were the years of the Renaissance and Reformation
1300-1650
patron
financial supporter
humanism
an intellectual movement at the heart of the Italian Renaissance that focused on worldly subjects rather than religious issues
humanities
study of subjects taught in ancient Greece and Rome, such as grammar, rhetoric, poetry, and history
perspective
artistic technique used to give drawings and paintings a three-dimensional effect
How was the Renaissance that began in Italy characterized?
by an interest in learning and the arts and a desire to explore the human experience
Why were the Italian city-states a favorable setting for a cultural rebirth?
It differed from the rest of Europe, it survived the Middle Ages, grew into prosperous centers of trade and manufacturing, and had a wealthy and powerful merchant class that exerted political and economic leadership, stressed education and supported the arts
What was the Renaissance?
a cultural time of creativity and change in many areas: political, social, economic, and cultural
vernacular
everyday language of ordinary people
utopian
of the ideal society
indulgence
in the Roman Catholic Church, pardon for sins committed during a person’s lifetime
predestination
idea that God long ago determined who will gain salvation
annul
cancel or invalidate
ghetto
separate section of a city where members of a minority group are forced to live
heliocentric
based on the belief that the sun is the center of the universe
hypothesis
possible explanation
where and when did the Renaissance begin
began in the 1300s and reached its peak around 1500 it began in Italy (Italian city states) then spread north to the rest of Europe
What three different kinds of plays did William Shakespeare write?
comedies, history plays, tragedies
Why did Martin Luther post his 95 Theses?
The 95 Theses (arguments) were in response to Johann Tetzel offering indulgences for money. He said that indulgences aren’t in the Bible and that humans cannot release souls from purgatory.
The ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin lead people to separate from the Roman Catholic Church and form what?
New Protestant churches
Who were three geniuses of Renaissance Art?
Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael
Who were some Italian Renaissance Writers?
Castiglione (The Book of the Courtier), Machiavelli (The Prince)
The Renaissance slowly spread to northern Europe, where which artists and writers experimented with new methods and ideas?
German Durer (engraving), Flemish van Eyck (oil paint) and Bruegel (vibrant color), Dutch Erasmus (Greek edition of New Testatment (in common vernacular), Thomas More (social reform Utopia), English (Shakespeare ), Spanish Cervantes (Don Quixote). Printing press in Germany by Johann Gutenberg
What were the effects of the Printing Revolution?
books were cheaper and easier to reproduce, more people began to learn/read, readers gained knowledge of medicine, astrology, etc. this also lead to religious turmoil
