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Flashcards in The Rise of Fascism Deck (12)
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1
Q

Great Depression

A
  • The American Great Depression had a major impact on Europe, especially Italy and Germany, with the rise of totalitarianism (fascists states)
    • total control (public, social, and economics life)
2
Q

Italy

A
  • glorified the state (one ruler, one government - fascist party)
  • state has absolute authority
  • economic distress created the setting for fascism
  • fear of communism, so fascists promised to stop communism
  • an appeal to nationalism
  • Benito Mussolini becomes the leader of Italy, using his Black Shirt army
3
Q

Totalitarianism

A
  • controls every aspect of individuals life
  • usually led by a dictator
  • everything is for the good of the state
  • a police state…
4
Q

Fascism

A
  • Modern political ideology that seeks to regenerate the social, economic, and cultural life of a country by basing it on a heightened sense of national belonging or ethnic identity. Fascism rejects liberal ideas such as freedom and individual rights, and often presses for the destruction of elections, legislatures, and other elements of democracy
  • the term fascism was first used by Italian dictator Benito Mussolini in 1919. The term comes form the Italian word fascio, which means “union” or league
  • single-party system
  • one ruler
  • aggressive nationalism
  • the state has absolute authority
5
Q

note

A
  • after WWI: Germany, Italy, and Russia turned to a new form of dictatorship - totalitarianism
  • government has total control over every aspect of people’s lives
  • the individual is a servant of the state
  • books, radio, films, and schools used to promote the government’s philosophy
  • inflation and high prices
  • heavy taxes to pay for war costs
  • widespread unemployment
  • returning war vets couldn’t find work
  • Fascist promised to improve economic conditions
  • Italy was upset that it didn’t get more land in peace treaties after WWI
  • Fascists said they’d get more land and restore the Roman Empire
  • This appealed to the youth, veterans, and military people
6
Q

Italian workers started taking over factories

A
  • Italian peasants started seizing land
  • this is similar to how the Russian Revolution started that brought Communism to Russia
  • Fascists promised to stop the Socialists and the Communists
  • Factory and land owners now supported the Fascists
7
Q

Benito Mussolini

A
  • came from working class family
  • became extreme Fascists in WWI
  • drafted men to 4 years of service followed by 11 years of reserve
  • required military training in schools and Fascist youth groups
  • built more military weapons, tanks, etc.
8
Q

after World War I, the economic fallout from the Great Depression led to a large ________ problem in Italy

A
  • unemployment
9
Q

economic distress caused by ________ was a contributing factor to the rise of fascism in Italy after World War I

A
  • inflation

- the Great Depression

10
Q

in 1919, _________ created the fascist party in Italy

A
  • Benito Mussolini
11
Q

which is the best description of fascism

A
  • aggressive nationalism
12
Q

after World War I, _________ started in Italy and made its way to Germany

A
  • fascism

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