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History GCSE- Weimar and Nazi Germany > The Rise of Hitler and the Nazis > Flashcards

The Rise of Hitler and the Nazis Flashcards

1
Q

When was the DAP (German Workers’ Party) founded and by whom?

A

January 1919- Anton Drexler

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2
Q

Why did Hitler begin involving himself with the DAP?

A

He was sent to monitor the activities of extremist groups in Munich and found that he aligned with their viewpoints.

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3
Q

What was the 25 Point Programme?

A

An official set of party aims written up by Hitler and Drexler- a political manifesto

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4
Q

List 3 points of the 25 Point programme:

A
  • The union of all Germans to form a Greater Germany
  • Deportation of foreign nationals in event of food shortages
  • Scrapping of the Versailles treaty
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5
Q

Which groups did the Nazis appeal to and why?

A
  • Nationalists- opposed Versailles treaty
  • People looking to blame someone for WW1 defeat- attracted by anti-semitic ideologies
  • Businesses and the middle class- disliked communism
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6
Q

When was the party name changed to the NSDAP?

A

1920

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7
Q

When did Hitler become the party leader?

A

1921

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8
Q

What was the Völkischer Beobachter?

A

A newspaper bought by the German Workers party in 1929 which was used to promote anti-semitic propaganda.

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9
Q

Who were the SA?

A

A paramilitary group founded by Hitler in 1921 set up to moderate crowds at Nazi meetings and disrupt meetings held by the opposition

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10
Q

How did the SA impact people’s perception of the Nazi party?

A

Gave the impression that they were powerful and organised

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11
Q

How much did NSDAP membership grow from June 1920 to November 1923?

A

From 1100 to 55000

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12
Q

When was the Munich Putsch?

A

November 1923

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13
Q

Which important figure supported the Munich Putsch?

A

General Ludendorff

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14
Q

What happened in the Bürgerbräukeller on the 8th of November 1923?

A

Hitler and 600 Nazis ambushed a political meeting and held Kahr, Seisser and Lossow at gunpoint (the head of Bavarian government, army and police chief), forcing them to pledge support for the uprising.

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15
Q

What happened during the march through Munich?

A

The Nazis were met with armed police officers. 16 Nazis and 4 police officers were killed.

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16
Q

Why did the Munich Putsch fail?

A

Seisser and Lossow changed their minds and organised armed resistance.

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17
Q

When was Hitler tried and what for?

A

Treason- February 1924

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18
Q

How long was Hitler sentenced to and how long did he serve?

A

5 years- he served 9 months

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19
Q

How did Hitler’s trial positively impact the Nazi party?

A

Gave Hitler national publicity and allowed him to put forward his views and political agenda

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20
Q

List the main ideas of Mein Kampf:

A
  • Creation of a ‘greater Germany’
  • Abolishing the Versailles Treaty
  • Removal of Jewish people
  • Establishing a superior race
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21
Q

How did the Munich Putsch change Hitler’s approach to seizing power?

A

He decided to enter the Reichstag and acquire power through elections

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22
Q

Who was the temporary leader of the Nazi party whilst Hitler was imprisoned?

A

Alfred Rosenberg- he was an ineffective leader

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23
Q

How did Hitler get the ban on the Nazi party lifted?

A

Persuaded the President of Bavaria to unban it

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24
Q

How did Hitler reorganise the structure of the Nazi party?

A

Split it up into branches called Gaue, each lead by a Gauleiter

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25
Q

Who was made Gauleiter of Berlin?

A

Joseph Goebbels

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26
Q

When was the Bamberg conference?

A

1926

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27
Q

Why did Hitler hold the Bamberg conference?

A

To amend tension between the northern and southern sections of the party

28
Q

What were the results of the Bamberg conference?

A

Hitler consolidated his leadership and emphasised the party’s nationalist values over socialist ones.

29
Q

What was the main idea of Führerprinzip?

A

Hitler was the supreme leader of the party

30
Q

By 1928, which voters had the Nazis begun to target?

A

Rural voters

31
Q

When was the Wall Street Crash?

A

October 1929

32
Q

Which important figure in Germany’s economic recovery died in the same year as the Wall Street Crash?

A

Stresemann

33
Q

How high were unemployment levels in January 1932?

A

> 6 million

34
Q

Why was the chancellor Heinrich Bruning unpopular?

A

He reduced civil servant wages by 23 percent and cut unemployment benefits by 60.

35
Q

Which other party was gaining popularity in the rising economic crisis?

A

The KPD (communist party)

36
Q

Who was the leader of the KPD?

A

Ernst Thalmann

37
Q

How had the Reichstag become less significant in political decisions by 1932?

A

Bruning relied mostly on presidential decree due to a lack of support. The number of presidential decrees had increased from 5 to 66 from 1930, and the number of Reichstag laws from 98 to 5.

38
Q

How many seats did the Nazis win in the general election of September 1930?

A

107

39
Q

When was Goebbels appointed Minister of Propaganda?

A

1929

40
Q

Describe the overall change in voting from May 1928 to September 1930:

A

The votes for extremist parties saw a rise, whereas most other parties lost seats

41
Q

How were the Nazis able to get financials support for their campaigns?

A

They were backed by wealthy industrialists who feared communism and the growth of trade unions.

42
Q

By how much did SA membership increase in the year following January 1931?

A

From 100,000 to 170,000

43
Q

Summarise Hitler’s role in increasing support for the Nazis:

A

-Was charismatic and a good orator
-Drew up party policies
-Presented party as law-abiding
-Offered the German people change

44
Q

How many seats and what percentage of the votes did the Nazis receive in November 1932?

A

196- 33.1%

45
Q

How many seats and what percentage of the votes did the Nazis receive in July 1932?

A

230- 37.4%

46
Q

Summarise the role of Goebbels in increasing support for the Nazis:

A

-Used the media to sway public support in favour of the Nazis
-Spread the Nazi’s message through newspapers and the radio

46
Q

When did Hitler become chancellor?

A

January 30th 1933

47
Q

When was the Reichstag fire?

A

February 27th 1933

47
Q

Under what compromise did Hitler acquire the chancellorship?

A

Franz von Papen was to be vice chancellor

48
Q

Who was allegedly responsible for the Reichstag fire?

A

Dutch communist Marinus van der Lubbe

49
Q

What did Hitler persuade Hindenburg to sign following the Reichstag fire and what did it do?

A

The Decree for the Protection of People and State- gave the Nazis the legal right to imprison political opposition

50
Q

Who did the Nazis form a coalition government with?

A

The National party- DNVP

51
Q

What was the Enabling Act and when was it passed?

A

Gave Hitler and the Nazis full powers for the next 4 years- passed March 24th 1933

52
Q

How did the Nazis ensure that the enabling act was passed?

A

-SA intimidates members entering the chamber
-Communists not allowed to vote
-Hitler made promises to the Centre Party ensuring their vote

53
Q

What was Gleischatlung?

A

A policy intended to bring society in line with Nazi ideals

54
Q

When were trade unions banned?

A

May 2nd 1933

55
Q

What was the German Labour Front?

A

An organisation that replaced trade unions and employers groups and ensured that workers could not bargain for wages or leave jobs without permission

56
Q

By how much did the Nazis increase the maximum working week?

A

From 60 hours to 72

57
Q

When were political parties banned?

A

14th July 1933

58
Q

What were the German districts called?

A

Länder

59
Q

What did Hitler do to the federal structure of the nation?

A

Ensured that each district was to be run by Reich governors and abolished their parliaments in January 1934

60
Q

When did the Night of the Long Knives start?

A

June 30th 1934

61
Q

Roughly how many were murdered in the Night of the Long Knives?

A

400

62
Q

Summarise the reasons for the purge in June 34

A

-Improving Nazi image
-Consolidated power of SS
-Removed Hitler’s rivals

63
Q

What did Hitler declare himself following the death of Hindenburg?

A

‘der Führer’- held same power as Chancellor and President

64
Q

How did Hitler justify his self-proclaimed leadership?

A

He held a referendum, and over 90% of voters agreed with hid decision

65
Q
A

History GCSE- Weimar and Nazi Germany (4 decks)

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