The Rock cycle

Question 1

What are rocks?

Answer 1

A mixture of different minerals

Question 2

What is still?

Answer 2

Still, is the horizontal magma flow when undergoing too much high pressure and heat in the chamber.

Question 3

What is Dike?

Answer 3

Dike, is the angular flow of magma when undergoing high pressure and heat in the chamber.

Question 4

What are Igneous rocks?

Answer 4

Forms when molten rock cools and solidifies

Question 5

What is a molten rock called when it is below the earth’s surface?

Answer 5

Magma

Question 6

What is it called when molten rock is above the earth’s surface?

Answer 6

Lava

Question 7

How are igneous rocks classified?

Answer 7

Where there are formed (intrusive or extrusive) and what they are formed (Mineral composition)

Question 8

What are intrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 8

It forms below the earth’s surface. It cools down and solidifies into crystals - cools very slowly

Question 9

How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?

Answer 9

It forms below the earth’s surface and forms when magma enters a chamber

Question 10

Why do intrusive igneous rocks have large crystals?

Answer 10

Because they cool down very slowly

Question 11

What are some examples of intrusive igneous rocks?

Answer 11

Granite, Diorite, Gabbro

Question 12

How do extrusive igneous rocks form?

Answer 12

Forms when magma makes its way to the earth’s surface. Flows above the surface as lava and cools forming rock

Question 13

Why do extrusive igneous rocks have small crystals?

Answer 13

Because they cool quickly

Question 14

What is volcanic glass?

Answer 14

These rocks cool very quickly. that few or no minerals are formed.

Question 15

What are some examples of volcanic glass?

Answer 15

Obsidian, pumice, scoria

Question 16

How are the atoms of Volcanic glasses arranged?

Answer 16

The atoms of the rock do not have an orderly structure.

Question 17

What are magma types?

Answer 17

They are used to further classify igneous rocks by the magma which they are formed

Question 18

What can igneous rocks be formed from?

Answer 18

They can be formed from granite, andesite or basalt magma

Question 19

What does magma composition determine?

Answer 19

It determines the physical and chemical properties of an igneous rock

Question 20

What does magma composition determine?

Answer 20

It determines the physical and chemical properties of an igneous rock

Question 21

What is sediment?

Answer 21

Are loose materials such as grains and bits of shell. Comes from already existing rocks.

Question 22

What does it come from?

Answer 22

It comes from already existing rock that eroded and weathered

Question 23

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 23

Forms when sediments are pressed and cemented together

Question 24

What are stacked rocks?

Answer 24

Sedimentary rocks forms layer and the basic rule is that older layers are on the bottom because they deposit first

Question 24

What are stacked rocks?

Answer 24

Sedimentary rocks forms layer and the basic rule is that older layers are on the bottom because they deposit first

Question 25

How are sedimentary rocks classified?

Answer 25

They can be made from any materials found in nature eg. organisms such as plants and animals. They are also classified by their manner and composition in formed.

Question 26

What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 26

Detrital, Chemical, organic

Question 27

What are detrital sedimentary rocks?

Answer 27

They are made from the broken fragments of other rocks

Question 28

What helps make detrital rocks?

Answer 28

Weathering and erosion

Question 29

What is the process of weathering and erosion?

Answer 29

When rock is exposed to air, water or ice, it breaks down chemically and mechanically.

Question 30

What is the breaking down process of rocks called?

Answer 30

Weathering

Question 31

What is the movement of weathering called?

Answer 31

Erosion

Question 32

What is compaction?

Answer 32

This process helps the formation of detrital sedimentary rocks.

Question 33

What is the process of compaction?

Answer 33

1. Sediments are deposited ten builds up multiple layers 2. Pressure builds up and pushes down the layers 3. Small sediments stick together forming a solid

Question 34

What is cementation?

Answer 34

Is the process of large sediments sticking together. They have to be cemented together

Question 35

What is the process of cementation?

Answer 35

1. Water moves through soil and rock which picks up materials from minerals during weathering. It results in moving through open spaces.

Question 36

What are chemical sedimentary rocks?

Answer 36

Forms when dissolved minerals come out of the solution. They are deposited of minerals from sediments and rocks. They are not made from other preexisting rocks.

Question 37

What are some examples of chemical sedimentary rocks?

Answer 37

Rock salt. Rock salt is a very important resource.

Question 38

What are organic sedimentary rocks?

Answer 38

They are made of remains of living things. Common organic sedimentary rock is fossil-rich limestone.

Question 39

What are some examples of organic sedimentary rocks?

Answer 39

Chalk and limestone. These are made from living sea organisms and microscopic shells.

Question 40

What are metamorphic rocks?

Answer 40

Any rock can become a metamorphic rock. Minerals are formed without melting by high pressures and temperatures. It means to change form.

Question 41

What are the types of metamorphic rocks?

Answer 41

They are classified by composition and texture. The types are Foliated and Non-foliated.

Question 42

What are foliated metamorphic rocks?

Answer 42

Rocks which the mineral have flattened and pushed down into layers.

Question 43

What are some examples of foliated metamorphic rocks?

Answer 43

Slate, shale and gniess

Question 44

What are non-foliated metamorphic rocks?

Answer 44

They are massive structures with no obvious banding. The mineral grains grow and rearrange. They don't form or display layers.

Question 45

What are some examples of non-foliated metamorphic rocks?

Answer 45

Quartzite - the metamorphosed form of the mineral quartz. Marble and Andesite/ hard coal - undergoes intense gases and preassure.