The Senses

Question 1

5 senses

Answer 1

• touch
• smell
• taste
• sight
• hearing

Question 2

The skin

Answer 2

Organ of touch and temperature

Question 3

The tongue

Answer 3

Organ of taste

Question 4

Taste buds detect

Answer 4

• sweet
• salt
• sour
• bitter

Question 5

The nose (2)

Answer 5

• Organ of smell

- Olfactory neurons in the nose detect smells

Question 6

The eye

Answer 6

Organ of sight

Question 7

Main parts of the eye (diagram) (13)

Answer 7

• Conjunctiva
• Sclera
• Cornea
• Choroid
• Retina
• Fovea
• Blind spot
• Optic nerve
• Lens
• Iris
• Pupil
• Ciliary muscles
• Aqueous and vitreous humours

Question 8

Function of the conjunctiva

Answer 8

Thin transparent lining protecting the cornea.

Question 9

Function of the sclera

Answer 9

Tough fibrous outer layer – the ‘white’ of the eye;

it maintains the shape of the eyeball

Question 10

Function of the cornea

Answer 10

Allows light into the eye and bends it to help focus it on the retina

Question 11

Function of the choroid

Answer 11

Contains blood vessels supplying food and oxygen to the cells of the eye
Prevents reflection

Question 12

Function of the retina

Answer 12

Contains

• light receptors
• rods (for black and white vision in dim light)
• and cones (for colour vision in bright light)

Question 13

Function of the fovea

Answer 13

Part of the retina where most images are focused

The fovea is where our best vision is [mainly cones]

Question 14

Function of the blind spot

Answer 14

Where the optic nerve fibres pass through the retina and there is no room for receptors.

Question 15

Function of the optic nerve

Answer 15

Carries impulses to the brain

Question 16

Function of the lens

Answer 16

Focuses light on the retina

Question 17

Function of the iris

Answer 17

Contains blood vessels and melanin [giving us our eye colour]
Controls the amount of light entering the eye [through the pupil].

Question 18

Function of the pupil

Answer 18

Black circle at the front of the eye

Lets light into the eye

Question 19

Function of the ciliary muscle

Answer 19

Thickened edge of the choroid that controls the shape of the lens (accommodation) to focus the image on the retina

Question 20

The ear

Answer 20

Organ of hearing

Question 21

Parts of the ear (diagram) (

Answer 21

?

Question 22

Function of the pinna

Answer 22

Collects vibrations

Channels them into the auditory canal

Question 23

Function of the auditory canal

Answer 23

Carries vibrations to the eardrum

It has hairs and wax glands to trap dirt and germs.

Question 24

Function of the eardrum

Answer 24

Membrane of skin that vibrates when sound waves hit it.

Carries the vibrations to the middle ear

Question 25

Function of the ossicles

Answer 25

The hammer, anvil and stirrup | Amplifies the vibrations and passes them on to the oval window

Question 26

Function of the Eustachian tube

Answer 26

Not part of the ear Connects the middle ear with the pharynx Equalises pressure on each side of the eardrum It opens when we swallow, cough

Question 27

Function of the cochlea

Answer 27

Responsible for hearing Contains nerves that convert sound vibrations into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain along the auditory nerve

Question 28

Organ of Corti

Answer 28

In the cochlea | Contains receptor cells that allow hearing

Question 29

Balance

Answer 29

Detected by the vestibular nerve | The semi-circular canals

Question 30

Glue ear

Answer 30

Hearing disorder Cause by too much sticky fluid in the middle ear Corrected by decongestants

Question 31

A receptor

Answer 31

A cell that can detect a stimulus

Question 32

A stimulus

Answer 32

Any change in your environment

Question 33

Function of the suspensory ligaments

Answer 33

Hold the lens in place

Question 34

Accomodation

Answer 34

The ability of the lens to change its shape (focal length) to form a clear image.

Question 35

Close vision

Answer 35

Ciliary muscle contracts, the suspensory ligaments relax, the lens becomes thicker.

Question 36

Distant vision

Answer 36

Ciliary muscle relaxes, the suspensory ligaments tense, the lens becomes thinner.

Question 37

Function of the aqueous humour

Answer 37

Watery liquid that supplies the lens and cornea with nutrients Helps keep the shape of the cornea and lens.

Question 38

Function of the vitreous humour

Answer 38

Gel that helps maintain the shape of the eye.

Question 39

Correction of long sighted

Answer 39

Convex lenses

Question 40

Correction of short sighted

Answer 40

Concave lenses

Question 41

The inner ear

Answer 41

Contains a coiled, fluid-filled tube called the cochlea and the semi-circular canals.

Question 42

Function of the semi-circular canals

Answer 42

Help us keep our balance and posture