THE SETTING OF THE NEW TESTAMENT Flashcards
Enumerate the Setting of the New Testament
- The Persian Period (539 – 334 BC)
- The Greek Period (334 – 166 BC)
▪ Alexander the Great and the Hellenization of Palestine
▪ Ptolemaic Domination of Israel (323 – 198 BC)
▪ Seleucid Domination of Palestine (198 – 166 BC) - The Maccabees and Jewish Independence (166 – 63 BC)
▪ The Maccabean Revolt (166 – 135 BC)
▪ The Hasmonean Dynasty (135 – 63 BC) - The Roman Period (63 BC – AD 135)
▪ Herod the Great
▪ The Herodian Dynasty
▪ Roman Rule and the Pax Romana
▪ The Jewish Revolt of AD 66 – 73
What does AD stand for?
ANNO DOMINI
What does “ANNO DOMINI” mean?
“the year of our Lord”
What can used to replace BC (Before Christ)?
CE (COMMON ERA) or BCE (Before the Common Era)
This refers to the period in which Christianity and Judaism existed together.
COMMON ERA (CE)
Enumerate the Foreign Domination of Israel during the OLD TESTAMENT.
The Assyrian Empire (722-605 BC)
The Babylonian Empire (605-539 BC)
The Persian Empire (539-334 BC)
His most influential role in history and his most enduring legacy for the New Testament background is his promotion of the process of Hellenization.
ALEXANDER THE GREAT
What does “Hellas” from the word “Hellinization” means?
GREECE
This refers to the spread of Greek language and culture.
HELLENIZATION
This is the use of common Greek as the lingua franca, or trade end diplomatic language and is one of the most important results of Hellenization for the background to the New Testament
KOINE
The Israel of Jesus day was _________.
TRILINGUAL
In the Israel of Jesus day, this is the language used in reading and spoken in religious contexts.
HEBREW
In the Israel of Jesus day, this is the lingua franca prior to Alexander’s conquest-was the language of the common people
ARAMAIC
In the Israel of Jesus day, this was the language of trade and government.
GREEK
This language would have also been spoken by Riman officials.
LATIN
When Alexander the Great died in _______ BC, a power struggle ensued for control of his empire. ______ and ______ between his _____ leading generals eventually resulted in the establishment of two great dynasties.
523 BC; WAR; CONFLICT; FOUR;
What are the two (2) dynasties that arose after Alexander’s death?
PTOLEMIES; SELEUCIDS
In what country do Ptolemies come from?
EGYPT
In what country fo the Seleucids come from?
SYRIA
Because Israel was strategically located between Syria and Egypt,
the nation became caught in a tug-of-war between these two rivals.
The __________ gained control of Israel and ruled her for 125 years.
The ___________ lived in relative peace and prosperity under Ptolemaic
rule.
PTOLEMIES; JEWS
PTOLEMAIC DOMINATION OF ISRAEL (323 - 198 BC)
This is the capital of the Ptolemaic Empire which developed into a major center of scholarship and learning.
ALEXANDRIA
PTOLEMAIC DOMINATION OF ISRAEL (323 - 198 BC)
One of the most significant literary achievements of this period was the translation of the ______________ (abbreviated as ______), the Greek version of the old testament.
SEPTUAGINT (LXX)
PTOLEMAIC DOMINATION OF ISRAEL (323 - 198 BC)
This became the primary bible of both Jews of the Diaspora and the early Christians.
SEPTUAGINT (LXX)
PTOLEMAIC DOMINATION OF ISRAEL (323 - 198 BC)
This means “dispersion” and refers to Jews who were not living in Israel but were dispersed throughout the rest of the Mediterranean world.
DIASPORA
