The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves,and Spinal Reflexes

Question 0

A series of specialized membranes surrounding the spinal cord, provide the necessary physical stability and shock absorption.

Answer 0

Spinal meninges

Question 1

Meninges that surround the brain

Answer 1

Cranial meninges

Question 2

The outermost component of the cranial and spinal meninges

Answer 2

Dura mater

Question 3

The space between the spinal dura mater and the walls of the vertebral foramen; contains bloos vessels and adipose tissue; a common site of injection for regional anesthesia

Answer 3

Epidural space

Question 4

Fluid bathing the internal and external surfaces of the central nervous system.

Answer 4

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 5

The innermost layer of the meninges bound to the underlying neural tissue

Answer 5

Pia meter

Question 6

A dense layer of collagen fibers that surrounds a peripheral nerve

Answer 6

Epineurium

Question 7

A connective tissue partition that separates adjacent bundles of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve

Answer 7

Perineurium

Question 8

A delicate network of connective tissue fibers that surrounds individual nerve fibers

Answer 8

Endoneurium

Question 9

A bundle of postganglionjc sympathetic nerve fibers that are distributed to effectors in the body wall, skin, and limbs by the way of a spinal nerve

Answer 9

Gray Ramus

Question 10

A nerve bundle containing the myelinated preganglionic axons of the sympathetic motor neurons en route to the sympathetic chain or to a collateral ganglion

Answer 10

White Ramus

Question 11

A complex, interwoven network of nerves

Answer 11

Nerve plexus

Question 12

A functional group of interconnected neurons

Answer 12

Neuronal pool

Question 13

Result from the connections that form between neurons during development

Answer 13

Innate reflexes

Question 14

Learned motor patterns, more complex

Answer 14

Acquired reflexes

Question 15

Control skeletal muscles

Answer 15

Somatic reflexes

Question 16

Control the activities of other systems

Answer 16

Visceral reflexes

Question 17

An enhancement of spinal reflexes

Answer 17

Reinforcement

Question 18

A spinal reflex in infants, consisting of a fanning of the toes in response to stroking the sole of the foot;in adults, indicates a CNS injury

Answer 18

Babinski sign

Question 19

The injection of anesthetic into the epidural space to eliminate sensory and motor inner action via spinal nerves in the area of injection

Answer 19

Epidural block

Question 20

An inflammation of the meninges involving either the spinal cord or the brain, generally caused by bacterial or viral pathogens

Answer 20

Meningitis

Question 21

Regional losses of sensory and motor function as a result of nerve trauma, disease, or compression

Answer 21

Nerve palsies

Question 22

Paralysis involving a loss of motor control of the lower but not the upper limbs

Answer 22

Paraplegia

Question 23

A stretch reflex resulting from the stimulation of stretch receptors in the quadriceps muscles

Answer 23

Patellar reflex

Question 24

A spinal reflex in adults, consisting of a curling of the toes in response to stroking the side of the foot sole

Answer 24

Plantar reflex

Question 25

Paralysis involving the loss of sensation and motor control of the upper and lower limbs

Answer 25

Quadriplegia

Question 26

A condition caused by the infection of neurons in dorsal root ganglia by the varicella-roster virus. The primary sign is a painful rash along the sensory distribution of the affected spinal nerves

Answer 26

Shingles

Question 27

A procedure in which cerebrospinal fluid is removed from the subarachnoid space through a needle, generally inserted between the lumbar veterbrae

Answer 27

Spinal tap

Question 28

A spinal tap performed between adjacent lumbar vertebrae inferior to the conus medullaris

Answer 28

Lumbar puncture