The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves,and Spinal Reflexes Flashcards
(29 cards)
A series of specialized membranes surrounding the spinal cord, provide the necessary physical stability and shock absorption.
Spinal meninges
Meninges that surround the brain
Cranial meninges
The outermost component of the cranial and spinal meninges
Dura mater
The space between the spinal dura mater and the walls of the vertebral foramen; contains bloos vessels and adipose tissue; a common site of injection for regional anesthesia
Epidural space
Fluid bathing the internal and external surfaces of the central nervous system.
Cerebrospinal fluid
The innermost layer of the meninges bound to the underlying neural tissue
Pia meter
A dense layer of collagen fibers that surrounds a peripheral nerve
Epineurium
A connective tissue partition that separates adjacent bundles of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve
Perineurium
A delicate network of connective tissue fibers that surrounds individual nerve fibers
Endoneurium
A bundle of postganglionjc sympathetic nerve fibers that are distributed to effectors in the body wall, skin, and limbs by the way of a spinal nerve
Gray Ramus
A nerve bundle containing the myelinated preganglionic axons of the sympathetic motor neurons en route to the sympathetic chain or to a collateral ganglion
White Ramus
A complex, interwoven network of nerves
Nerve plexus
A functional group of interconnected neurons
Neuronal pool
Result from the connections that form between neurons during development
Innate reflexes
Learned motor patterns, more complex
Acquired reflexes
Control skeletal muscles
Somatic reflexes
Control the activities of other systems
Visceral reflexes
An enhancement of spinal reflexes
Reinforcement
A spinal reflex in infants, consisting of a fanning of the toes in response to stroking the sole of the foot;in adults, indicates a CNS injury
Babinski sign
The injection of anesthetic into the epidural space to eliminate sensory and motor inner action via spinal nerves in the area of injection
Epidural block
An inflammation of the meninges involving either the spinal cord or the brain, generally caused by bacterial or viral pathogens
Meningitis
Regional losses of sensory and motor function as a result of nerve trauma, disease, or compression
Nerve palsies
Paralysis involving a loss of motor control of the lower but not the upper limbs
Paraplegia
A stretch reflex resulting from the stimulation of stretch receptors in the quadriceps muscles
Patellar reflex