the state and globalisation Flashcards
(20 cards)
The Nation-State:
Defined as an “autonomous political community held together by citizenship and nationality”
National Sovereignty:
The state’s “absolute power over citizens and subjects” including its right to self-determination. Internal sovereignty refers to supreme power within the state
Globalisation:
A complex process characterised by “the widening and deepening of A complex process characterised by “the widening and deepening of interconnectedness and interdependence” in areas like social
Interconnectedness:
“The way in which states become more linked through their shared relationship of intergovernmental and regional organisations.”highlights the growing interdependence of nations and other actors
Economic Globalisation:
Involves greater trade and interconnectedness driven by free-market principles It’s also associated with “neoliberalism” Some see it as creating economic convergence
Political Globalisation:
Involves increasing interconnectedness between states and other actors sometimes involving the erosion of state sovereignty
Cultural Globalisation:
Characterized by the spread of consumerism
Hyperglobalists:
Believe globalisation represents a new epoch where the authority of the nation-state is declining and economies are becoming “denationalized”
Optimistic globalists
see this as a positive force for the spread of liberal values and economic development
Pessimistic globalists
view it negatively noting the spread of Western imperialism and neoliberal economic policies
Sceptics:
See globalisation as greatly exaggerated arguing it’s simply increasing regionalism and not a new phenomenon
Transformationalists:
Believe that globalisation is having a deep impact on state sovereignty and the total picture is being reshaped by cultural due to impact on the State System
Erosion of State Sovereignty:
Globalisation is seen to challenge state control over citizens and law. States may find themselves compelled to cooperate with other nations and international actors reducing their unilateral decision-making power. States are becoming increasingly ‘hollowed out’
Increase in Non-State Actors:
Globalisation is associated with the growth of non-state actors including IGO’s (like the UN and IMF) and NGO’s (like Amnesty International and Greenpeace). These non-state actors can create political change
Interdependence:
Globalisation has led to “a complex web of interconnectedness that challenges the state’s sole authority” resulting in greater interdependence
Development of International Law:
Globalisation is driving the development of international law and human rights standards. These standards sometimes conflict with the nation-state’s sovereignty
Poverty:
Globalisation’s impact on poverty is debated. Some claim that “economic globalisation has done more than anything else in history to encourage convergence between the Global North and the Global South” The textbook notes that in the last 40 years global production has expanded
Conflict:
The sources show how globalisation can lead to conflict e.g. in relation to Westernisation of culture
Human Rights:
Globalisation has raised awareness of human rights issues and led to the development of international bodies like the ICC which attempts to hold states accountable for human rights abuses “Human rights… seem to be a more powerful force in global politics.
Environment:
Globalisation can exacerbate environmental problems via increased production and consumption but can also facilitate a global response to climate change through international agreements
