The state and globalisation Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is a nation-state?
A political community linked by citizenship and shared nationality.
Example: Japan.
What is national sovereignty?
A state’s absolute power over its citizens and territory.
Example: UK Parliament controls UK laws.
What is sovereignty?
Supreme authority of a state to govern itself without outside interference.
Non-state actors:
Groups influencing global politics without being states (NGOs, MNCs, terrorists).
Globalisation:
Increasing worldwide interconnectedness socially, economically, politically, and culturally.
Economic globalisation:
Integration of economies via trade and investment.
Political globalisation:
Growing influence of global institutions on state decisions.
Cultural globalisation:
Sharing and mixing of cultures globally.
Homogenisation/Monoculture:
Cultures becoming similar, risking loss of local traditions.
Interconnectedness:
How actions in one place affect others globally.
World government:
Hypothetical single global authority.
Global governance:
Rules and institutions managing global issues without one world government.
What drives globalisation?
Technology, trade, politics, culture, and social links create a complex web of connections.
Impact on the State System
- States more dependent on each other.
- State control over law and borders challenged (e.g., migration, terrorism).
- Development of international law and human rights.
- Humanitarian/forcible interventions (e.g., NATO in Kosovo, 1999).
Hyperglobalisers
- Globalisation weakens states, creates borderless world
- IMF influence over state economies
Sceptics
- States still powerful, globalisation exaggerated - Brexit — UK reasserting sovereignty
Transformationalists
- States adapt and cooperate, sovereignty evolves
- UN cooperation on climate change
Realists
- States remain key actors, skeptical of global governance
- Focus on military & state power
Liberals
- Support global cooperation for peace and prosperity
- EU, WTO facilitating cooperation
perspectives on globalisation
- Hyperglobalisers
- Sceptics
- Transformationalists
- Realists
- Liberals
Advantages of Globalisation
- Boosts economic growth through trade.
- Spreads technology and ideas.
- Enables global cooperation (climate, security).
- Promotes democracy and human rights
Disadvantages of Globalisation
- Loss of national control.
- Increases economic inequality.
- Cultural loss through homogenisation.
- Exposure to global financial crises.
Globalisation & National Sovereignty
- Sovereignty challenged by supranational rules but not destroyed.
- States still legally sovereign but must cooperate.
- Example: EU states share sovereignty for economic and political benefits.
How does globalisation help address poverty?
- promoting economic growth through trade and investment
- enabling aid
- global NGOs working to reduce poverty.
Example: The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focus on eradicating poverty worldwide.
