The UK's evolving physical landscape Flashcards
1
Q
What are the three types of rock?
A
Sedimentary, Metamorphic, Igneous
2
Q
What is carbon dating?
A
Using radioactive testing to determine the age of rocks, which contained living material
3
Q
What is erosion?
A
A process where the landscape is worn down
4
Q
What are layers of rock called?
A
Strata
5
Q
Why are some parts of a valley worn away more easily than others?
A
They are made from a less resistant type of rock
6
Q
What is a fault scarp?
A
A steep slope, showing where land has been eroded
7
Q
How did tectonic processes affect the Pennines?
A
- Convection currents beneath the plate, uplifted rocks from below the sea, to form land
- Some rocks snapped and moved along faults over thousands of years in a series of earthquakes
- Each movement disturbed the strata as some were left with steep sides (fault scarps)
8
Q
How do V-shaped valleys form?
A
Rivers erode into the valley over time
9
Q
How do U-shaped valleys form?
A
Glaciers erode further into the V-shaped valleys making wide troughs
10
Q
What happened when the glaciers melted?
A
Features like waterfalls were left behind
