the western front

Question 1

when was the first battle of ypres

Answer 1

oct-nov 1914

Question 2

what happend at the first battle of ypres

Answer 2

the british held on to ypres, which was vital for control of the channel, but the germans gained ground

Question 3

when was the second battle of ypres

Answer 3

april-may 1915

Question 4

what happend at the second battle of ypres

Answer 4

the germans used chlorine gas for the first time in battle, got closer to ypres

Question 5

when was the somme

Answer 5

jul-nov 1916

Question 6

what happened at the somme

Answer 6

60,000 british casulties on day 1, creeping barrage and tank warfare

Question 7

when was arras

Answer 7

apr-may 1917

Question 8

what happend at arras

Answer 8

used tunnels in chalky ground, underground blood bank

Question 9

when was the third battle of ypres

Answer 9

jul-nov 1917 rain, ground was waterlogged, used a creeping barrage

Question 10

when was the battle of cambrai

Answer 10

nov-dec 1917

Question 11

what happened at cambrai

Answer 11

large-scale use tanks almost 5000

Question 12

what were the three rows of trenches

Answer 12

front-line, support, reserve trenches

Question 13

features of the trench system

Answer 13

communication trenches, dugouts, traverses

Question 14

how were gas attacks prevented

Answer 14

cotton pads smoked with urine untill 1915, they had gas masks

Question 15

brodie helmets

Answer 15

helmets to reduce injuries made by shrapnel

Question 16

injuries from shells, shrapnel and bullets

Answer 16

removing limbs, internal injuries, penertrating organs, fracturing bones

Question 16

cause of trench fever

Answer 16

lice, so they were deloused in 1918

Question 17

trench foot

Answer 17

could lead to gangrene and amputation, they were given whale oil and and duckboards

Question 18

how was shell shock treated

Answer 18

some soilders were accused of cowerdice, moved to hospitals

Question 19

why was infection a big problem

Answer 19

soil had tetnus and gas gangrene bacteria which could easily infect during attack or from lying on the ground

Question 20

RAMC

Answer 20

cared for the wounded e.g doctors, strecher bearers and ambulence drivers

Question 21

FANY

Answer 21

volunteers used for cooking, cleaning and driving ambulences

Question 22

transport problems

Answer 22

sometimes only strecher bearers and horse wagons could be used because of the conditions an constant artliary

Question 23

features of the underground tunnel at arras

Answer 23

700 beds, operating thearte, mortuary, running water and electricity

Question 24

chain of evacuation

Answer 24

regimental aid posts- dressing stations-casulatary clearing stations-base hospitals

Question 25

how were x-rays discovered

Answer 25

1895-roentgen discovered x-rays could pass through human flesh

Question 26

how were blood transfusions improved for the western front

Answer 26

by 1902 scientists discoverd the for blood groups, blood transfusions improved when blood could be stored

Question 27

how were antiseptics used on the western front

Answer 27

steam sterilizer for surgical instruments, wore masks, steralizing cloths and surfaces

Question 28

the carrel dankin method

Answer 28

using tubes to move steralized salt through wounds

Question 29

advances in surgery

Answer 29

plastic surgery, brain surgery

Question 30

the thomas splint

Answer 30

reduced fatalites from broken limbs from 80% to 20%