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Physical Exam Final Exam > The whole thing > Flashcards

The whole thing Flashcards

1
Q

What classifies isolated systolic hypertension?

A

Systolic BP >140, diastolic BP <90

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2
Q

At what temperature does someone have hyperpyrexia?

A

Above 106 F or 41.1 C

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3
Q

At what temperature does someone have hypothermia?

A

Below 95 F or 35 C

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4
Q

What is the near reaction?

A

Pupillary constriction when looking at close objects and dilation when looking at far objects

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5
Q

What is horizontal defect?

A

Occlusion of a branch of the central retinal artery that causes loss of half of field of vision

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6
Q

What is damaged in blind right eye?

A

Right optic nerve

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7
Q

What is bitemporal hemianopsia?

A

Loss of outer fields of vision in both eyes (problem with optic chiasm where nerves cross to opposite hemispheres)

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8
Q

Homonymous hemianopsia

A

Same half of field of vision is lost in both eyes (problem with optic tract, after optic chiasm)

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9
Q

Homonymous quadrantopsia

A

Loss of same quadrant of visual field in both eyes

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10
Q

What is dysconjugate gaze?

A

Eyes don’t move in the same direction

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11
Q

What’s nystagmus?

A

Rapid oscillation of the eyes, normal to be observed during extreme lateral gaze

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12
Q

What’s lid lag?

A

Immobility of the upper eyelid on downward rotation of the eye

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13
Q

What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?

A

Periods of deep breathing (hyperpnea) and apnea

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14
Q

What is Hamman’s Sign?

A

Precordial crackles synchronous with heartbeat

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15
Q

What are the four features of PMI?

A

Location
Duration*
Diameter
Amplitude

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16
Q

What’s the grading scale for reflexes?

A
  1. No reflex
  2. Weak reflex
  3. Normal
  4. Hyperreflex
  5. Clonus
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17
Q

What is the grading scale of murmurs?

A
  1. Very faint
  2. Faint, but heard with stethoscope
  3. Loud
  4. Loud and palpable thrill
  5. Loud and audible with only part of stethoscope on chest
  6. Audible without stethoscope
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18
Q

What is the grading scale for edema?

A
  1. 1-3 seconds for pitting to go away
  2. 4-6 seconds for pitting to go away
  3. Longer than 6
  4. Doesn’t go away or something like that
19
Q

What causes the S3 heart sound?

A

Decreased compliance of the ventricles, rapid deceleration of blood entering the ventricles

20
Q

What causes the S4 sound?

A

Atrial contraction

21
Q

What is pulsus alternans?

A

When pulse rhythm is normal but force of arterial pulse alternates between strong and weak, most often due to left-sided heart failure

22
Q

What is paradoxical pulse?

A

3-4 mmHg drop in systolic BP during inspiration

23
Q

What is the Allen test?

A

Tests patency of the ulnar artery.
Have patient make a tight fist, then compress both ulnar and radial arteries. Have patient relax hand, and release the ulnar artery. If patent’s ulnar artery is patent, 3-5 seconds later the hand flushes.

24
Q

What does the Trendelenberg test assess?

A

Valvular competency in the leg

25
Q

What is Rovsing’s sign?

A

Pressing left lower quadrant causes referred pain in the right lower quadrant - test for appendicitis

26
Q

What is an obturator sign?

A

Pain during flexion and internal rotation of the hip - test for appendicitis

27
Q

What is cutaneous hyperesthesia?

A

Pain when lifting skin of abdominal wall

28
Q

How do you test for acute cholecystitis?

A

Look for Murphy’s Sign - hook fingers of hand under costal margin, ask patient to breathe in
Pain/tenderness at a certain point of inspiration is a positive Murphy’s sign

29
Q

What is Tinel’s sign?

A

Pins and needles when tapping over area of palm innervated by median nerve

30
Q

What is Phalen’s sign?

A

Tingling or numbness when hands fully flexed against each other

31
Q

What nerve roots comprise the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

32
Q

What abnormalities are present in goudy arthritis?

A

Painful swelling of the MTP joint of the big toe, extending to the ankle, tarsal joints, and knee

33
Q

What is hallux valgus?

A

Lateral deviation of the big toe, more common in women

34
Q

What is Morton’s neuroma?

A

Tenderness over plantar surface of the 3rd and 4th metatarsal heads and associated numbness or pain

35
Q

What nerve roots are involved in biceps reflex?

A

C5, C6

36
Q

What nerve roots are involved in triceps reflex?

A

C6, C7

37
Q

What nerve roots are involved in abdominal reflex?

A

T8-10 upper, T10-T12 lower

38
Q

What nerve roots are involved in knee reflex?

A

L2-L4

39
Q

What nerve roots are involved in ankle reflex?

A

S1

40
Q

What nerve roots are involved in plantar reflex?

A

L5, S1

41
Q

What is Brudzinki’s sign?

A

Hip and knee reaction on neck flexion

42
Q

What is Kernig’s sign?

A

Discomfort behind the knee on extension

43
Q

How is asterixis tested?

A

Have patient outstretch arms and extend hands, holding for 1-2 minutes. Twitching of hands = asterixis, indicating problem with diencephalic motor centers of brain

Physical Exam Final Exam (1 decks)

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