The whole thing Flashcards
(43 cards)
What classifies isolated systolic hypertension?
Systolic BP >140, diastolic BP <90
At what temperature does someone have hyperpyrexia?
Above 106 F or 41.1 C
At what temperature does someone have hypothermia?
Below 95 F or 35 C
What is the near reaction?
Pupillary constriction when looking at close objects and dilation when looking at far objects
What is horizontal defect?
Occlusion of a branch of the central retinal artery that causes loss of half of field of vision
What is damaged in blind right eye?
Right optic nerve
What is bitemporal hemianopsia?
Loss of outer fields of vision in both eyes (problem with optic chiasm where nerves cross to opposite hemispheres)
Homonymous hemianopsia
Same half of field of vision is lost in both eyes (problem with optic tract, after optic chiasm)
Homonymous quadrantopsia
Loss of same quadrant of visual field in both eyes
What is dysconjugate gaze?
Eyes don’t move in the same direction
What’s nystagmus?
Rapid oscillation of the eyes, normal to be observed during extreme lateral gaze
What’s lid lag?
Immobility of the upper eyelid on downward rotation of the eye
What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?
Periods of deep breathing (hyperpnea) and apnea
What is Hamman’s Sign?
Precordial crackles synchronous with heartbeat
What are the four features of PMI?
Location
Duration*
Diameter
Amplitude
What’s the grading scale for reflexes?
- No reflex
- Weak reflex
- Normal
- Hyperreflex
- Clonus
What is the grading scale of murmurs?
- Very faint
- Faint, but heard with stethoscope
- Loud
- Loud and palpable thrill
- Loud and audible with only part of stethoscope on chest
- Audible without stethoscope
What is the grading scale for edema?
- 1-3 seconds for pitting to go away
- 4-6 seconds for pitting to go away
- Longer than 6
- Doesn’t go away or something like that
What causes the S3 heart sound?
Decreased compliance of the ventricles, rapid deceleration of blood entering the ventricles
What causes the S4 sound?
Atrial contraction
What is pulsus alternans?
When pulse rhythm is normal but force of arterial pulse alternates between strong and weak, most often due to left-sided heart failure
What is paradoxical pulse?
3-4 mmHg drop in systolic BP during inspiration
What is the Allen test?
Tests patency of the ulnar artery.
Have patient make a tight fist, then compress both ulnar and radial arteries. Have patient relax hand, and release the ulnar artery. If patent’s ulnar artery is patent, 3-5 seconds later the hand flushes.
What does the Trendelenberg test assess?
Valvular competency in the leg