The Wrist and Hand

Question 1

Potential space btwn thenar and adductor compartments

Answer 1

Thenar space

Question 2

Provides insertion for palmaris longus muscle; spreads over palmar surface and helps to adhere the skin tightly to the underlying structures

Answer 2

Palmar aponeurosis

Question 3

Potential space with nerves and vessels running through it; contains lumbricals

Answer 3

Midpalmar space

Question 4

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains ulnar nerve; intrinsic muscles of digit 5

Answer 4

Hypothenar:

Question 5

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains median nerve; intrinsic muscles of digit 1 (thumb)

Answer 5

Thenar:

Question 6

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains carpal tunnel (median n., tendons of f.d.s, f.d.p., flexor pollicis longus)

Answer 6

Central:

Question 7

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains deep ulnar n.; adductor pollicis muscle

Answer 7

Adductor:

Question 8

____ compartment of hand and wrist contains ulnar n., between metacarpals; palmar and dorsal interosseous muscles

Answer 8

Interosseous:

Question 9

The _____ and the _______ are thickenings in the antebrachial fasciae.

Answer 9

extensor retinaculum; flexor retinaculum

Question 10

The _____ forms the roof of the carpal tunnel.

Answer 10

flexor retinaculum (aka transverse carpal ligament)

Question 11

____ function to keep tendons tightly adhered to palmar aspect of digits to keep structures from moving out of place; provide pulley joints

Answer 11

Fibrous flexor sheaths

Question 12

What tendons go thru the carpal tunnel?

Answer 12

Flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum longus, and median nerve

Question 13

flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum profundus enter a common flexor sheath called _____ beneath the flexor retinaculum.

Answer 13

ulnar bursa

Question 14

T/F: each tendon of Flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus has its own synovial sheath within a fibrous sheath

Answer 14

True

Question 15

The synovial sheath of what digit is continuous with the ulnar bursa?

Answer 15

5th digit

Question 16

Infection of flexor tendon sheaths

Answer 16

Infectious tenosynovitis

Question 17

Infections of ___ digit can spread to ulnar bursa and carpal tunnel

Answer 17

5th digit

Question 18

Infections of ___ digit can also spread to carpal tunnel and flexor pollicis longus tendon (radial bursa)

Answer 18

1st digit

Question 19

Flexed position, Pain with any attempt at extending affected digit, Uniform swelling involving entire digit, and Percussion tenderness along course of tendon sheath are

Answer 19

Kanavel’s Four Cardinal Signs

Question 20

What muscles form the thenar eminence?

Answer 20

abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis (superficial and deep head), and opponens pollicis

Question 21

What muscle is also a thenar muscle but is not technically part of thenar eminence

Answer 21

adductor pollicis longus

Question 22

Proximal Attachment:-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal Attachment:-lateral side of 1st metacarpal
Actions:-oppose thumb & medially rotate 1st metacarpal
Innervation:-recurrent branch of median nerve

Answer 22

Opponens pollicis

Question 23

All thenar muscles are innervated by _____ nerve

Answer 23

recurrent branches of median n

Question 24

Proximal Attachment:-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
Distal Attachment:-lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Answer 24

Abductor pollicis brevis

Question 25

Proximal Attachment:-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium Distal Attachment:-lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Answer 25

Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 26

Proximal Attachment:-bases of 2nd& 3rdmetacarpals,capitate, & adjacent carpals Distal Attachment:-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Answer 26

Adductor pollicis

Question 27

What muscles form hypothenar eminence?

Answer 27

flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi•opponens digiti minimi

Question 28

____ lies superficial to hypothenar eminence tightens skin over the hypothenar muscles

Answer 28

palmis brevis

Question 29

Proximal Attachment:-pisiform | Distal Attachment:-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Answer 29

Abductor digiti minimi

Question 30

Proximal Attachment:-hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum | Distal Attachment:-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Answer 30

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

Question 31

Proximal Attachment:-hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum | Distal Attachment:-medial border of 5th metacarpal

Answer 31

Opponens digiti minimi

Question 32

_____ are attached to the lateral 2 tendons of fundus digitorum profundus and are innervated by median nerve

Answer 32

1st and 2nd lumbricals

Question 33

____ are attached to the medial 3 tendons of fundus digitorum profundus and are innervated by deep branch of ulnar nerve

Answer 33

3rd and 4th lumbricals

Question 34

They flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints (via the extensor expansion & extensor hood) of digits 2-5.

Answer 34

Lumbricals

Question 35

The extensor tendons form a moveable hood over the MP joints of the fingers called the ______

Answer 35

extensor expansion

Question 36

The arrangement of both ___ muscles and ______ muscles that attach to this dorsal digital expansion enable the uncoupling of flexion & extension.

Answer 36

extensor and intrinsic hand muscles

Question 37

Extensor hood mechanism enables the long extensor tendons to strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by ____, which also attach to the “hood” part of the extensor expansion

Answer 37

lumbricals

Question 38

The lumbricals are aided by ____ in allow extension of interphalangeal joints when metaphalangeal joints are flexed

Answer 38

dorsal interosseous muscles

Question 39

____ and ___ flex metacarpophalangeal joint and extend interphalangeal joint

Answer 39

Lumbricals and dorsal interosseous

Question 40

attach to palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, & 5th metacarpals | insert at bases of proximal phalanges and the extensor expansions of digits 2nd, 4th, & 5th digits

Answer 40

Palmar interossei

Question 41

How many palmar interossei are there?

Answer 41

3

Question 42

How many dorsal interossei are there?

Answer 42

4

Question 43

attach to adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals | •insert at bases of proximal phalanges and the extensor expansions of digits 2-4

Answer 43

Dorsal interossei

Question 44

Which artery forms superficial palmar arch?

Answer 44

Ulnar artery

Question 45

Which artery forms deep palmar arch?

Answer 45

Radial artery

Question 46

___ artery comes off of deep palmar arch and supplies the thumb

Answer 46

Princeps pollicis artery

Question 47

____ artery comes off deep palmar arch and supplies lateral 2nd digit

Answer 47

Radialis indicis artery

Question 48

_____ is bordered by extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus

Answer 48

Anatomical snuff box

Question 49

The Anatomical snuff box contains ___ artery and what 2 bones of wrist?

Answer 49

radial artery; trapezium and scaphoid

Question 50

The superficial branch of the ____ nerve passes across the Anatomical snuff box superficially

Answer 50

radial nerve

Question 51

The _____ nerve passes through the carpal tunnel with all of the tendons of f.d.s. and f.d.p.

Answer 51

median nerve

Question 52

Recurrent branch of ____ nerve (motor) is very superficial (easily injured) as it enters the thenar eminence

Answer 52

median nerve

Question 53

_____ nerve passes superficial to flexor retinaculum and enters ulnar canal (Guyon’s Canal) medial to ulnar artery

Answer 53

Ulnar nerve

Question 54

Actions:-abduct thumb, aid in opposition

Answer 54

Abductor pollicis brevis

Question 55

Innervation of Abductor pollicis brevis from

Answer 55

recurrent branch of median nerve(C8, T1)

Question 56

Actions:-flexes thumb

Answer 56

Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 57

Innervation of Flexor pollicis brevis is from ____ and ____ nerve

Answer 57

recurrent branch of median nerve(C8, T1) (superficial head)deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)(deep head)

Question 58

Actions:-adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

Answer 58

Adductor pollicis

Question 59

Innervation of Adductor pollicis is from the deep branch of ____ nerve

Answer 59

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

Question 60

Actions:-abducts 5th digit, aids in flexion of 5th proximal phalanx Innervation:-deep branch of ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

Answer 60

Abductor digiti minimi

Question 61

Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi is from deep branch of _____ nerve

Answer 61

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

Question 62

Actions:-flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5

Answer 62

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis)

Question 63

Innervation of Flexor digiti minimi (brevis) deep branch of _____ nerve

Answer 63

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

Question 64

Actions:-brings 5th metacarpal anterior & rotates it to bring it into opposition with thumb

Answer 64

Opponens digiti minimi

Question 65

Innervation of Opponens digiti minimi is from deep branch of _____ nerve

Answer 65

ulnar nerve(C8, T1)

Question 66

Actions: adduct 2nd, 4th, & 5th fingers toward axial line; also assist lumbricals

Answer 66

Palmar interossei

Question 67

Palmar interossei are Innervated by deep branch of ____ nerve

Answer 67

ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

Question 68

Actions: abduct 2nd-4th fingers toward axial line; also assist lumbricals

Answer 68

Dorsal interossei

Question 69

•Dorsal interossei are Innervated by deep branch of _____ nerve

Answer 69

ulnar nerve (C8, T1)