Thema 1.1 hfst 2 boek

Question 1

Myelin

Answer 1

Vettige substantie dat om de axon van sommige neuronen heen zit die de overdracht versneld

Question 2

Moleculen die optreden als gatekeeper bij celmembraan

Answer 2

Charged Sodium(Na+) en potassium(K+) ionen

Question 3

Function of region is determined by?

Answer 3

Its inputs en outputs. Omdat bv het gerewired is op een bepaalde manier in je hersenen

Question 4

Gray matter

Answer 4

Matter consisting primarily of neural cell bodies

Question 5

White matter

Answer 5

Tissue of the nervous system consisting primarly of axons and support cells

Question 6

Glia

Answer 6

Support cells of the nervous system involved in tissue repair and in the formation of meyelin

Question 7

Gray matter brain parts

Answer 7

cerebral cortex, subcortex

Question 8

Association tracts

Answer 8

White matter that project between different cortical regions within the same hemisphere

Question 9

Commissures

Answer 9

White matter that project between different cortival regions in differend hemispheres. The most important commissure being the corpus callosum

Question 10

Projection tracts

Answer 10

White matter thta project between cortical en subcortical structures

Question 11

Ventricles

Answer 11

Hollow chambers of the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid

Question 12

Function cerebrospinal fluid CSF

Answer 12

carries waste metabolites, transfers some messenger signals end provides a protective cushion for the brain

Question 13

Anterior

Answer 13

Toward the front

Question 14

Posterior

Answer 14

Toward the back

Question 15

Superior

Answer 15

Toward the top

Question 16

Inferior

Answer 16

Toward the bottom

Question 17

Dorsal

Answer 17

Toward the top

Question 18

Ventral

Answer 18

Toward the bottom

Question 19

Lateral

Answer 19

The outer part

Question 20

Medial

Answer 20

In or toward the middle

Question 21

How is the central nervous system organized?

Answer 21

Hierarchically. The upper levvels of the hierachy corresponding to the upper branches are the newest structures from an evolutionary perspective

Question 22

Cerebral cortex consists of?

Answer 22

Two folded sheets of gray matter

Question 23

Gyri

Answer 23

The raised folds of the cortex

Question 24

Sulci

Answer 24

The buried grooves of the cortex

Question 25

Brodmann's areas

Answer 25

Regions of cortex defined by the relative ditribution of cell types across cortical layers

Question 26

4 different ways in which regions of cerebal cortex may be divided

Answer 26

1. Regions divided bij the pattern of gyri and sulci 2. Regions divided bij cytoarchitechture. Brodmann's areas 3. Regions divided by function 4. Regions divided by connectivity.

Question 27

The subcortex consists

Answer 27

The basal ganglia The limbic system The diencephalon(thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 28

Basal ganglia

Answer 28

Regions of subcortal gray matter involved in aspects of motor control, skill learning, and reward learning; they consist of structures such as the caudate nucleus, putamen and blobal pallidus

Question 29

Large rounded masses that lie in each hemisphere. They surround an overhang de thalamus in the center of the brain.

Answer 29

Basal ganglia

Question 30

Disorders Basal Ganglia

Answer 30

parkinson en ziekte van huntington

Question 31

Limbic system

Answer 31

A region of subcortex involved in relating the organism to its present and past environment; limbic structure include the amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate cortex- and mamillary bodies

Question 32

Thalamus

Answer 32

consits of two interconnected egg-shaped masses that lie in the center of the brain and appear prominent in a medial section. The thalamus is the main sensory relay for all sensesn(except smell) between the sense organs and the cortex.

Question 33

Hypothalamus

Answer 33

Lies beneath the thalamus and consists of a variety of nuclei that are specialized for different functions that are primarily concerned with the body and its regulationbv body temperature, hunger thirst

Question 34

Superior colliculi

Answer 34

A midbrain nucleus that forms part of a subcortical sensory pathway involved in programming fast eye movements

Question 35

Inferior colliculi

Answer 35

A midbrain nucleus that forms part of a subcortical auditory pathway

Question 36

Cerebellum

Answer 36

Structure attached to the hindbrain; important for dexterity and smooth execution of movement.

Question 37

The pons

Answer 37

Part of the hindbrain; a key link- between the cerebellum and the cerebrum

Question 38

Medulla oblongata

Answer 38

Part of the hindbrain; it regluates vital functions such as breathing, swallowing, heart rate and the wake-sleep cycle.

Question 39

Wat bevat witte stof wel en grijze stof niet

Answer 39

Myeleine

Question 40

Neuron exists of three components

Answer 40

cell body, dendrites and axon

Question 41

Action potential

Answer 41

A sudden change(depolirazaion and repolarization) in the electrical properties of the neuron membrane in an axon, wihich form the basis for hor neurons code information

Question 42

Sequence of events with action potential

Answer 42

1. Begin to open the voltgae gated Na+ channel 2. When the channel is openend the Na may enter the cell and 70 Mv goed to 50 Mv, cell is fully permeable. Moment en depolarization en repolarization 3 Outward flow trough K+ channel and vlosing 4 brief period of hyperpolarization