theme 1 distinctive landscapes

Question 1

What is the longest and second longest river in the uk?

Answer 1

The River Severn is the longest river in the UK (354km), followed by the River Thames (346km).

Question 2

Where is most upland are located in the uk?

Answer 2

Scottish highlands (north scotland)
Lake District (N england)
Pennines  (NW england)

Question 3

Upland areas are often?

Answer 3

rugged 
steep relief (difficult for growing crops) weathered rocks

Question 4

Popular activities in upland are exapmle?

Answer 4

Cumbria, lake district:

• sheep farming
• tourism
• paper making

Question 5

Where are the lowland areas of the uk?

Answer 5

• South

- east

Question 6

Example of city in lowland?

Answer 6

• Norwich, east anglia

- london south east

Question 7

What are lowland areas used for in the uk?

Why are they used for this?

Answer 7

Farming

very fertile soil, releif very gentle

Question 8

Strong agricultural industries in east anglia?

Answer 8

Cattle farming

carrot growing

Question 9

Largest cities in UK?

Answer 9

• London 9.3 million

- birmingham 1.2million

Question 10

Where are largest cities often found?

Answer 10

Lowland, close to water source

Question 11

Examples of cities on rivers?

Answer 11

London, thames
liverpool/manchester, mersey
cardiff/gloucester/bristol, severn

Question 12

Uk’s main rock types?

Answer 12

Igneous/sedimantary/metamorphic

Question 13

Metamorphic rocks?

Answer 13

Heat+pressure >
change shape rocks >
harder + compact

Question 14

Where are metamorphic rocks found in the UK?

Example?

Answer 14

Large bands, scotland/NI/wales

slate

Question 15

Igneous rocks?

Answer 15

Mantle>magma rises>cools

hard

Question 16

Where are igneous rocks found in the UK?

Example?

Answer 16

Scotland/NI/NW wales/N england

granite

Question 17

Sedimentary rocks?

Answer 17

Layers sediment>time>compacted

Question 18

Sedimentary rocks are found in?

Answer 18

Chalk/clay south-east

limestone North/west

Question 19

3 uplands of wales?

Answer 19

• Snowdonia (NW)
• brecon beacons (S)
• cambrian mountains(central-west)

Question 20

2 longest rivers in wales?

Answer 20

Severn
wye
(both sources cambrian mountains)

Question 21

Valleys and lowlands in wales?

Answer 21

Large valleys slope down from lowlands
lowland, coastal, beaches flatter
coastal, more fertile land

Question 22

Shaping uplands in wales?

Answer 22

Sheep, easy to farm, mostly grassland
low woodland coverage
agricultural/forestry industries, reduce biodiversity

Question 23

Shaping valleys and coasts in wales?

Answer 23

Valleys>Mining, large scale excavations

coastal,>high population, urban

Question 24

What is snowdonia?

Answer 24

Snowdonia, national park NW wales

Question 25

Highest point in snowdonia?

Answer 25

Mt. snowdon (+1085m)

Question 26

How have you shaped valleys formed in snowdon?

Answer 26

Glacier> widen+deepen valley> U-shaped glacial trough

Question 27

What is Arête ?

Answer 27

a narrow ridge of rock which separates two valleys

Question 28

How have frost shattered rocks formed in snowdonia?

Answer 28

Winter> | freeze-thaw weathering

Question 29

Rhododendron?

Answer 29

Fast growing plant> poisonus to local species> large empty areas

Question 30

What is carrying capacity?

Answer 30

number of people or the amount of activity that an area can absorb without the area being damaged.

Question 31

Why may carrying capacity values be wrong?

Answer 31

The people measuring carrying capacity may work for tourist offices and be biased to encourage more tourism

Question 32

What is a honey pot site?

Answer 32

Honey pots are areas of intense tourist activity

Question 33

Main honey pot sites in snowdon?

Answer 33

Mt. Snowdon | Blaneau ffestiniog

Question 34

What can honey pot sites lead to?

Answer 34

busy areas traffic congestion footpath erosion

Question 35

Stategies to manage honeypot sites?

Answer 35

- Limit visitor numbers - manage footpath erosion - protect wildlife and farmland - manage traffic congestion

Question 36

How can footpath erosion be managed?

Answer 36

- hardwearing construction materials, stone - signposts - re-seed vegetation around paths - raised footpaths

Question 37

How can wildlife and farmland be protected?

Answer 37

- More bins | - litter fines

Question 38

How can traffic congestion be managed?

Answer 38

- Encourage public transport use - increase bus services during peak season - encourage eco friendly transport, bikes

Question 39

What is erosion? | 4 processes of erosion?

Answer 39

Erosion, wearing away of rocks with movement - abrasion - attrition - solution - hydraulic action

Question 40

What is abrasion?

Answer 40

Abrasion is where pieces of rock are picked up by the river or sea water and hit against the bed or the banks. This wears them away.

Question 41

What is attrition?

Answer 41

Attrition is where pieces of bedload (material carried by a river or seawater) are hit against one another. This causes them to break apart and become smaller and more rounded.

Question 42

What is solution?

Answer 42

Solution is where soluble rocks are dissolved by the water in the river or sea (limestone and chalk in particular). They are carried along with the river or sea.

Question 43

What is hydraulic action?

Answer 43

Hydraulic action is where the force of the water hits against the river or sea bed and banks and causes the rock to break off.