Theme 1: Population Dynamics (1.1)

Question 1

Demographers (definition)

Answer 1

people who study human populations

Question 2

Graph standard words

Answer 2

• increasing
• decreasing
• fluctuating
• exponential/rapid increase/decrease
• constant
• gradual increase/decrease

Question 3

REASONS FOR RAPID INCREASE IN WORLD’S POPULATION

Answer 3

-

Question 4

Population growth (definition)

Answer 4

an increase in the number of people in a population

Question 5

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT -1

Answer 5

• population growth rates started rising exponentially
• AS a result of agricultural and industrial revolutions
• BROUGHT about by technological advancements
• IN North America and Europe

Question 6

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -2

Answer 6

• NEW agricultural machinery
• LED to greater crop yields
• AND the need for more/less workers

Question 7

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -3

Answer 7

• means carrying capacity of land is improved

Question 8

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -4

Answer 8

CARRYING CAPACITY:
largest population that the resources of a given environment can support
(with the same land , more crops can now be grown or harvested)

Question 9

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -5

Answer 9

• with lesser workers,
• many people then moved from rural to urban areas
• to work in factories
• where new machinery is allowed for mass production (manufacturing)

Question 10

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -6

Answer 10

• as people started to produce more food and goods
• people became more healthy
• and enjoyed more free time with paid leave

Question 11

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -7

Answer 11

• countries became more economically developed
• and so people started to have more children

Question 12

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -8

Answer 12

families with more than 10 children were common in the 1800s

Question 12

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -9

Answer 12

• then technological advancements
• in the provision of:
  
  • healthcare
  • sanitation
  • water supplies
• further encouraged higher birth rates and falling death rates

Question 13

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -10

Answer 13

• so countries started to experience
• a tremendously rapid population growth
• known as population explosion

Question 14

1. TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS (continued) -11

Answer 14

• the highest population growth rate was in the 1960s
• while population is still growing,
• the rate is slowing down,
• from 2.4% in the mid 1960s
• to 1.2% in 2016

Question 15

2. Better public healthcare, awareness and medical breakthroughs -1

Answer 15

• Improved knowledge about nutrition
• has greatly increased the survival rate of people.
• When young children get enough of
• the right kinds of food,
• they are likely to live to be adults.
• This means that peoples’ life expectancy will be higher.

Question 16

2. Better public healthcare, awareness and medical breakthroughs (continued) -2

Answer 16

life expectancy: DEFINITION

• the number of years that a person is expected to live

Question 17

2. Better public healthcare, awareness and medical breakthroughs (continued) -3

Answer 17

knowledge and use of vaccinations

• Vaccines help to protect people from infectious diseases
• Use of that knowledge has reduced
• the rate of diseases like:
  - tuberculosis
  - smallpox

Question 18

2. Better public healthcare, awareness and medical breakthroughs (continued) -4

Answer 18

improvement in infrastructure and promotion of better public health

• Sewage dumped into a public water supply
• could cause a spread of diseases
• throughout the community.
• Public health measures like:
  - proper sewage disposal
  - wastewater treatment
• help to protect public health.
• Improperly operated incineration plants and landfills
• cause pollution and
• attract insects and rodents that spread diseases.

Question 19

2. Better public healthcare, awareness and medical breakthroughs (continued) -5

Answer 19

development of new medicines

• Medical science has invented a whole range of new medicines
• with which to treat everything from infections to pneumonia.
• All these contribute to lowering death rates.
• To improve people’s health and raise life expectancy:
• availability of pubic health infrastructure, public awareness and medical advancement need to work hand in hand

Question 20

2. Better public healthcare, awareness and medical breakthroughs (continued) -6

Answer 20

• With these developments,
• energy, food, water and medical care
• became more available and reliable.
• These factors then led to an increase in life expectancy.
• So, with high birth rates and falling death rates,
• world population began to grow.

Question 21

THE CAUSES OF A CHANGE IN POPULATION SIZE

Answer 21

.

Question 22

Birth rate (definition)

Answer 22

the number of births per thousand population in a year

Question 23

Birth rate (eg)

Answer 23

birth rate of 20/100: average of 20 births occur in a year for every 1000 ppl in a country

Question 24

Death rate (definition)

Answer 24

number of deaths per thousand population in a year

Question 25

Death rate (eg)

Answer 25

death rate of 50/100:
average of 50 deaths occur in a year for every 1000 ppl in a country

Question 26

Rates of natural change (definition)

Answer 26

difference between the birth rate and death rate

Question 27

natural increase

Answer 27

if birth rate>death rate

Question 28

natural decrease

Answer 28

if birth rate<death rate

Question 29

rate of net migration:

Answer 29

*

Question 30

immigration rate (definition)

Answer 30

the number of immigrants per thousand population entering a receiving country in a year

Question 31

emigration rate (definition)

Answer 31

the number of emigrants per thousand population leaving a country of origin in a year

Question 32

so the rate of net migration (definition)

Answer 32

the difference between the rates of immigration and emigration

Question 32

rate of net migration

Answer 32

• if birth rate exceeds death rate,
• total population size will still increase
• for as long as this natural increase is not offset by losses due to migration