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biology- chapter 1 > Theme 1- Properties of Life > Flashcards

Theme 1- Properties of Life Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

What are organisms?

A

Living things (0.1% alive today)

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2
Q

What are the eight properties of life?

A
  1. Order
  2. Reproduction
  3. Growth & Development
  4. Need Food & Use Energy
  5. Homeostasis
  6. Respond to the Environment
  7. Adapt to the Environment
  8. Made up of Cells that Contain DNA
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3
Q
  1. ORDER

a.) Is order abnormal in nature?

b.) How do you maintain order?

A

a.) It is abnormal in nature

b.) You must use food to produce energy and maintain order

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4
Q
  1. REPRODUCTION

a.) What does reproduction mean?

b.) What are the two types of reproduction?

A

a.) Reproduction means to make offspring

b.) Sexual and Asexual

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5
Q

a.) How does sexual reproduction work?

b.) How many parents are needed?

c.) Are the offspring unique or the similar to one another?

A

a.) A sperm and an unfertilized egg combine to make a fertilized egg

b.) Two parents are needed

c.) The offspring are unique

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6
Q

a.) What is one unfertilized egg called?

b.) What are many unfertilized eggs called?

c.) What is a fertilized egg called?

A

a.) Ova

b.) Ovum

c.) Zygote

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7
Q

a.) Does asexual reproduction require fertilization?

b.) Are the offspring unique or similar to one another?

c.) How many parents are required for asexual reproduction

A

a.) No

b.) The offspring are similar to each other

c.) Only one parent is required

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8
Q

What are the three types of asexual reproduction?

A

1.Binary Fission
2.Budding
3. Spore Formation

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9
Q

What is the definition of fission?

A

a unicell organism splits into two unicell organisms

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10
Q

What are two binary fission examples?

A
  1. Bacteria Fission- one cell multiplies its DNA and size then splits into two identical cells (Prokaryotic)
  2. Amoeba Fission- one cell multiplies its DNA and size then splits into two identical cells (Eukaryotic)
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11
Q

What four things do all cells have?

A
  1. DNA
  2. Ribosomes
  3. Cytoplasm
  4. Plasma Membrane
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12
Q

a.) What are two examples of budding?

b.) How do they fertilize?

A

a.) Hydra and Sponge

b.) They use cross fertilization

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13
Q

What is a hermaphrodite?

A

An organism born with both testes and ovaries that actually work

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14
Q

a.) How does spore formation work?

b.) Does fertilization take place?

c.) What is an example of spore formation?

A

a.) A unicell organism undergoes mitosis and becomes a multi cell organism

b.) No

c.) A spore turning into a mushroom

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15
Q
  1. GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT

a.) What does growth mean?

b.) What does development mean?

A

a.) Growth means to increase in size (Baby=> Adult)

b.) Development means all of the changes that occur during growth

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16
Q

What are the two types of metamorphosis?

A
  1. Incomplete
  2. Complete
17
Q

a.) What is an incomplete metamorphosis?

b.) What are the stages?

A

a.) When an organism stays similar through changing (ex. dragonfly)

b.) 1. Egg
2. Nymph (molting)
3. Adult

18
Q

a.) What is a complete metamorphosis?

b.) What are the stages?

A

a.) When an organism completely changes from one form to another (ex. butterfly)

b.) 1. Egg
2. Larva (eat as much as possible)
3. Pupa (undergo complete change)
4. Adult

19
Q
  1. NEED FOOD & ENERGY

What are the two types of feeders?

A

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

20
Q

a.) What is a Autotroph?

b.) What is a Heterotroph?

A

a.) They make their own food using photosynthesis- using light to make glucose

b.) The can’t make their own food so they rely on other organism for energy

21
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

light+C6H12O6=====> C6H12O6+6CO2

22
Q

What are the two types of heterotrophs?

A
  1. Consumers- ingest and digest food
  2. Decomposers- absorb nutrients
23
Q

What are the three types of consumers?

A
  1. Carnivores- meat eaters
  2. Herbivores- plant eaters
  3. Omnivores- plant and meat eaters
24
Q

a.) What is cellular respiration?

b.) What is the equation for cellular respiration?

A

a.) Using energy

b.) C6H12O2====>H2O+CO2+ATP

25
Q
  1. HOMEOSTASIS

a.) What is homeostasis?

b.) What is an example?

A

a.) To maintain balance in the body

b.) Body temp- sweat to cool down + shiver to heat up

26
Q
  1. RESPOND TO THE ENVIRONMENT

a.) What does respond to the environment mean?

b.) What are two examples?

A

a.) To react to the environment

b.) 1. Fight or Flight
2. Plants grow toward light

27
Q
  1. ADAPT TO THE ENVIRONMENT

a.) What does adapt mean?

b.) What is an example?

A

a. To change (increase chance of survival) because DNA changes

b. Polar bears- have lost of blubber, look white to blend in

27
Q
  1. MADE UP OF CELLS THAT CONTAIN DNA

a.) What are cells?

b.) What is DNA?

A

a.) The building blocks of life

b.) The code (genetic material) of life

biology- chapter 1 (10 decks)

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