Theme 1 - The changing Geography of Civil Rights Issues, 1850 - 2009 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Where did black Americans live in 1850?
South-East of the USA, the old south.
What happened in 1861?
Just over half of the states had abolished slavery, and become ‘free states’.
What happened as a result of the election of Abraham Lincoln?
7 southern slave states left the USA and formed their own country, the Confederate States of America.
What date had slavery been abolished altogether?
January 1865.
What did the abolition of slavery allow?
Black Americans from the old south to migrate north and seek new economic opportunities and try to escape racial discrimination.
By the time the USA held its first census in 1790, roughly how many black Americans lived in America?
700,000 black Americans.
Name some of the states in the SouthEast where slavery existed.
Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Missouri and Texas.
By 1850, how many black slaves were there living in America?
3.2 million.
When was the US constitution written and approved?
1787.
Why was cotton the most valuable crop before the Civil War?
Provided raw material for Britain’s cotton manufacturing industry.
What was the 1850s conflict over?
Potential expansion of slavery beyond southern states.
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act call for?
Popular sovereignty.
Why was there an armed conflict in the late 1850s?
Clash between contrasting sides - pro-slavery and anti-slavery.
What did the Republican party oppose the creation of?
The creation of any new slave states in the west.
When was Abraham Lincoln elected 16th president of the USA?
1860.
How many states seceded to form their own country, the Confederate States of America?
11.
Why did the abolition of slavery within Confederate-held areas become a northern war aim?
To prevent Britain and France from joining on the side of the Confederates.
By the end of the civil war, how many black Americans had served in the US armed forces?
300,000.
What was granted by the Fourteenth Amendment?
All US citizens equal protection under the law.
What were the problems associated with the Southern Homestead Act, 1866?
Few slaves had the money to buy land/ farm equipment. Many were prevented from buying land/ equipment by the southern whites.
How many black Americans lived in the north and west at the beginning of our period?
500,000 free black citizens.
Why did black Americans begin to move to the north and west after the emancipation?
Harsh economic conditions/ continued racial discrimination.
What percentage of black Americans were still living in the old south by 1910, and why?
89% - cost too much to move.
What was the ‘underground railroad’?
A route for those escaping slavery/ a network of secret routes leading slaves to relative freedom of northern states and Canada.
