Theme 2: Opposition To Govt 1918-89 Flashcards

1
Q

What was the opposition to Weimar?

A
  • Kiel Mutiny
  • Kapp Putsch
  • Munich Putsch
  • Spartacist Uprising
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2
Q

What events opposed the Weimar Republic?

A
  • Kiel Mutiny
  • Spartacist Uprising
  • Kapp Putsch
  • Munich Putsch
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3
Q

When was Kiel Mutiny?

A

November 1918

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4
Q

Who was involved in Kiel Mutiny?

A

German navy

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5
Q

What happened at Kiel Mutiny?

A
  • waves of strikes and rebellions
  • sailors took control of their base and demanded end to monarchy
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6
Q

Why did Kiel Mutiny happen?

A
  • navy believed that the Kaiser and military leaders were trying to undermine peace negotiations
  • did not support the parliamentary democracy
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7
Q

When was the Spartacist uprising?

A

January 1919

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8
Q

Who was involved in the Spartacist uprising?

A

Spartacist, USPD, local union officials

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9
Q

Who was involved in the Spartacist uprising?

A

Spartacist, USPD, local union officials

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10
Q

Where did the Spartacist uprising happen?

A

Berlin

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11
Q

What happened at the Spartacist uprising?

A
  • Spartacist wanted to protect the govt
  • defence minister, Noske, ordered to end uprising
  • leaders of uprising executed
  • 100 workers killed
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12
Q

Why did the Spartacist uprising happen?

A

Wanted to replace capitalist govt with a network of local soviets made up of workers and soldiers

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13
Q

When did Kapp Putsch happen?

A

March 1920

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14
Q

Who was involved in Kapp Putsch?

A

Wolfgang, General Ludendorff vs Ebert

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15
Q

Where did Kapp Putsch happen?

A

Berlin

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16
Q

What happened at Kapp Putsch?

A
  • Seized control of capital, Berlin, and established alternative govt
  • Kapp was unable to lead so the govt lasted 4 days
  • demonstrated govt democracy could not rely on army or judiciary for support
17
Q

Why did Kapp Putsch happen?

A
  • cause if demilitarisation and TOV
  • believed reducing army made govt vulnerable
  • believed their soldiers would rebel against the dissolution of their unit and could March into Berlin to overthrow govt
18
Q

When did Munich Putsch happen?

A

November 1923

19
Q

Who was involved in Munich Putsch?

A

Hitler and Nazi

20
Q

What happened at Munich Putsch?

A
  • Hitler planned to initiate ‘national revolution’ and hoped army in Munich and Bavaria would back it
  • he picked up support from army and Freikorps
  • Hitler locked people in a beer hall and made a speech- people escaped and told authorities
21
Q

Why did Munich Putsch happen?

A

Hitler wanted to overthrow govt

22
Q

Why did the Treaty of Versailles lead to loss of territory in Europe?

A
  • lost land to France and Denmark
  • Polish corridor meant they lost 1 million people to Polish control
23
Q

Why did the Treaty of Versailles lead to loss of military?

A
  • Germany forced to demilitarise
  • reduced to 100,000 men
  • not allowed to possess aircraft or tanks
24
Q

Why did the Treaty of Versailles lead to reparations?

A
  • Germany forced to accept guilt of war
  • pay 132,000 gold marks over 30 years
25
Q

Why did the SPD oppose the FRG govt?

A

Unhappy with moves of Adenauer which made reunification with east less likely

26
Q

How did the SPD oppose the FRG govt?

A

Speeches

27
Q

Why did the youth oppose the FRG govt?

A
  • from US + FRG involvement
  • increased military spending
  • disliked involvement with NATO
  • rejected year zero
28
Q

How did the students oppose the FRG govt?

A
  • 1965- students went on strike
  • slogan- “what did you do in the war daddy?”
  • propaganda/ makes people think what they did/ put pressure on them
29
Q

Why did terrorist groups oppose FRG govt?

A
  • govt made groups feel marginalised
  • wanted destruction of consumerism
  • wanted end to Vietnam war
  • opposed arrests of RAF (Red army fraction) in FRG
30
Q

How did terrorist groups oppose the FRG govt?

A
  • direct action and violence more necessary
  • nombings/ assassination
  • killed 28 people
  • robbed over 30 banks