theo electrical

Question 1

Electric voltage

Answer 1

Potential difference between two points.

Question 2

Electric potential

Answer 2

Energy per unit charge at a point.

Question 3

Electric current:

Answer 3

I = Q/t

Question 4

Current density

Answer 4

J = I/A

Question 5

Conductivity (σ)

Answer 5

Ability of a material to conduct electricity; inverse of resistivity

Question 6

Electric resistance (R)

Answer 6

R = V/I

Question 7

Impedance (Z)

Answer 7

Opposition to AC, includes resistance and reactance.

Question 8

Voltaic (Galvanic) Cell

Answer 8

Converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

Question 9

Voltaic (Galvanic) Cell -

Answer 9

Electric model - Internal resistance + ideal voltage source.

Question 10

Electric Model of Conductive Wire / DC

Answer 10

Pure resistance

Question 11

Electric Model of Conductive Wire/ Low-frequency AC

Answer 11

Resistance + inductance.

Question 12

High-frequency AC

Answer 12

Resistance + inductance + skin effect.

Question 13

Ideal current generator

Answer 13

Maintains constant current.

Question 14

Real current generator

Answer 14

Current varies slightly with voltage.

Question 15

Ideal voltage generator:

Answer 15

Constant voltage.

Question 16

Real voltage generator:

Answer 16

Voltage drops slightly under load.

Question 17

Resultant Calculations: Series

Answer 17

R = R₁ + R₂ + …
L = L₁ + L₂ + …
1/C = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + …

Question 18

Resultant Calculations: Parallel

Answer 18

1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + …
1/L = 1/L₁ + 1/L₂ + …
C = C₁ + C₂ + …

Question 19

Time-invariant

Answer 19

Parameters don’t change

Question 20

Time-varying

Answer 20

Properties change over time

Question 21

Basic Circuit Laws:

Answer 21

KCL, KVL, Mesh currents, superposition, noded potentials

Question 22

KCL

Answer 22

Sum of currents at a node = 0.

Question 23

KVL

Answer 23

Sum of voltages in a loop = 0.

Question 24

Mesh currents

Answer 24

Use KVL to solve for loop currents

Question 25

Superposition

Answer 25

Solve linear circuits by activating one source at a time.

Question 26

Node potentials

Answer 26

Solve using node voltages relative to ground.

Question 27

Voltage divider

Answer 27

Vout = Vin * R2 / ( R1+R2)

Question 28

Current divider

Answer 28

I branch = I total * R other/ ( R1+R2)

Question 29

DC Power Calculation

Answer 29

P=VI; Maximum power transfer occurs when load resistance equals internal resistance.

Question 30

Signal Classification

Answer 30

Transient, sTEADY STATE

Question 31

Transient

Answer 31

Temporary response

Question 32

Steady state:

Answer 32

Final, constant behavior.

Question 33

Passive elements

Answer 33

Condenser, Coil