Theology Midterm Flashcards
(20 cards)
Martyr
A person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs
White Martyrdom
Being persecuted for faith but never shedding any blood.
Heresy
Opposite of orthodoxy, false teaching
Orthodoxy
Right belief, correct belief, correct doctrine
Guided by: preaching of church, biblical interpretation, communal life, ministry, and prayers.
Incarnation
A person who embodies in the flesh a deity, spirit, or abstract quality
Theology
Discourse or talk about God. Study of the nature of God and religious beliefs.
Early theology: based on commentary and preaching
Two important theologians: Clement of Alexandria and Origen of Alexandria
Christology
About the person and work of Jesus who is the Christ
Low Christology: focuses on humanity of Jesus
High Christology: focuses on divinity of Jesus
Creed
short summaries of orthodox belief
Theotokos
Mary, the mother of jesus
Hagiography
Writings on the lives of saints, a holy biography
Ecumenical Councils
Address both issues of clarifying and/or explaining the faith
Establish rules of order and behavior that address both universal and specific issues
Apostolic Age
The apostolic age is the initial formation, growth, and development stage of the early church.
From death and resurrection of Christ to end of first century
Patristic Age
From 100 AD to 451 AD
Given name because of major orthodox writers in this time
Writers are known as fathers of Church
Christianity and Judaism took shape
Fathers of Church
Justin, Irenaeus, Clement, Origen
Confessors
a priest who hears confessions and gives absolution and spiritual counsel
Augustine of Hippo
One of the pre-eminent theologians in Western Church
Extensive writings; treatises, sermons, moral essays, commentaries on OT and NT, and theological treatises on the trinity
Council of Nicaea
First Ecumenical Council
Address Arian heresy (Christ was exceptional creature, raised to level of son of god because of fidelity to fathers will and holiness)
Nicene creed
Council of Constantinople
Nicene creed confirmed and expanded
Addressed full divinity of the holy spirit (given same worth as father and son)
Council of Ephesus
Nestorius claimed that Christ was the unity of a divine person and a human person. (christ is two persons), mary can not be called mother of god, mary was only mother of christ
Council of Chalcedon
Decisive stage in development of the early Christian doctrine of Jesus Christ
Reaffirmed both Nicaea and Constantinople
