Theophylline

Question 1

What can increase plasma concentrations of theophylline

Answer 1

HF
Hepatic impairment (metabolised)
Viral infections

Question 2

What can decrease plasma concentrations of theophylline

Answer 2

Alcohol
Smoking

Question 3

Theophylline SE

Answer 3

Hypokalaemia from beta agonists
In severe asthma, increased risk of hypokalaemia because of concomitant treatment of theophylline, corticosteroids and diuretics

Question 4

Theophylline OD symptoms

Answer 4

Vomiting
Agitation
Dilated pupils
Restlessness
Sinus Tachycardia
Hyperglycaemia

Question 5

Treatment of OD of theophylline

Answer 5

• Repeat doses of activated charcoal
• Ondaetseron for treatment of severe vomiting
• IV infusion of potassium chloride to treat hypokalaemia
• IV administration of lorazepam/diazepam to treat convulsions
• Beta blockers for severe tachycardia, hyperglycaemia or hypokalaemia

Question 6

Theophylline interactions

Answer 6

Amiodarone: Increased risk of hypokalaemia
Digoxin: Increased risk of toxicity