Theoretical Approaches: Opportunity/Routine Activity Theory

Question 1

What is it?

Answer 1

crime increases when opportunities to offend are high.

Especially when there is: a motivated offender, a suitable target & no capable guardian

Question 2

Key Concepts (3)

Answer 2

linked to MODERNISATION, more valuable items = more theft opportunities

Weak social ties and more time spent outside the house reduce guardianship

Not about motivations - its about OPPORTUNITY

Question 3

Cross-national application (2)

Answer 3

Development increases property crime (especially theft & burglary)

Explains why crime may rise in rich nations despite economic success

Question 4

Example of this

Answer 4

Increased property crime in urbanised areas due to electronics + empty homes (Sliema & St.Julians)

Question 5

Stengths & Criticisms

Answer 5

Strengths:
* explains why richer countries may still experience crime
* Focuses on environmental/contextual factors, not just poverty

Criticisms:
* lacks explanation for violent/expressive crimes
* Less tested on cross-national levels due to data limitations