theoretical explanations of inequalities Flashcards
age functionalism- parsons
age inequalities are functional. childhood socialises into identity and adolescence builds independance
age functionalism- eisenstadt
different age groups allow people to learn new social roles. go from ascribed to achieved status
age functionalism- cumming and henry
‘disengagement theory’ disengagement is beneficial for society
age marxism- bond et al
‘the political economy of old age’ means elderly from lower social class are discriminated against
age marxism- phillipson
old people are dependant on society when they’re denied access from work
age marxism- jones
the elderly are the new reserve army of labour
age weberian- barron and norris
young and old age groups are in secondary labour market
age weberian- parkin
‘negatively priveleged status groups’. middle age people practice social closure to exclude young and old people from positions od authority and status. they face a concrete ceilling
age postmodernism- polhemus
‘supermarket of style’ means youth is non-homogenous
age postmodernism- laczko and phillipson
inequality faced by elderly is due to wealth, not age
age postmodernism- featherstone and hepworth
life course is broken down through de-differentiation (stages of life course become less clear) and deinstitutionalisation (institutions of society become less closely associated with phases of life)
age postmodernism- blaikie
retired are now a valued consumer group because they have the ‘Grey £’
age feminism- brannen
women in the pivot generation face a dual burden
age feminism- sontag
women are less likely to be in high profile roles when they’re older due to double standard of ageing
age feminism- arber and ginn
age affects women’s power and status but not mens
age feminism- itzin
women’s status devalues after childbearing age
class functionalism- durkheim
class stratification is beneficial to social order. modern society has a specialist division of labour based on skills which is functional
class functional- davies and moore
society is meritocratic, class position reflects talents
class functional- parsons
ranking of society is based on kinship, personal qualities, achievement, possessions, authority
class new right- saunders
inequality encourages hard work. capitalist society offers incentives
class new right- murray
underclass are lazy and workshy, they promote ‘dependancy culture’
class marxism- marx
ruling class ideologies create false conciousness
class marxism- westergaard
polarisation is happening where rich get richer and poor get poorer
class marxism- scott
upper class practice social closure to exclude lower classes
class neo-marxism- gramsci
hegemony- ruling class have persuaded enough proletariat to ‘side with them’, preventing a revolution
class neo-marxism- wright
middle class are in contradictory class position
class neo-marxism- braverman
white collar workers have become proletarianised
class weberian- zweig
embourgeoisement blurring the boundaries of middle and working class
class weberian- savage
middle class separated into different lifestyles and identities
