Theoretical perspectives - psychology Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is the key idea of the Psychodynamic approach?
Behaviour is directed by forces within one’s personality which are often hidden or unconscious.
Emphasises unconscious desires, impulses and conflicts usually of a sexual or aggressive nature.
Who is a key figure in the Psychodynamic approach?
Sigmund Freud
What does the Cognitive approach focus on?
Understanding behaviour in terms of mental processing of information, including memory, thinking, beliefs and decision making.
Who is a key figure associated with the Cognitive approach?
Jean Piaget
What is a key idea of the Humanistic approach?
Behaviour is guided by one’s self-image, personal view of the world and needs for personal growth.
Name two key figures of the Humanistic approach.
- Abraham Maslow
- Carl Rogers
What does the Biological approach explain?
Behaviour as the result of physical, chemical and biological processes.
What is the Behaviourist approach primarily concerned with?
Behaviour as the product of learning, influenced by rewards and punishments from the external environment.
Who are some key figures in the Behaviourist approach?
- Ivan Pavlov
- BF Skinner
- John Watson
- Edward Thorndike
What influences behaviour according to the Sociocultural approach?
The rules and expectations of specific social groups or cultures.
Who is a key figure in the Sociocultural approach?
Philip Zimbardo
What does the Evolutionary approach suggest about behaviour?
Behaviour is the result of psychological adaptations that evolved to solve recurrent problems in ancestral environments.
What is Ben’s primary issue as described in the case study?
He is experiencing memory problems and depression.
Which theoretical approach explains Ben’s memory problems as a physical malfunction?
Biological approach
What behaviour pattern did Ben learn from his childhood experiences?
He learned to forget things to receive affection and attention from his mother.
Which theoretical approach focuses on Ben’s internal dialogue and self-talk?
Cognitive approach
What conflict is Ben facing that contributes to his anxiety?
He wants to stay with his mother but also desires to be in a romantic relationship.
Which theoretical approach is applied to analyze Ben’s self-concept and personal growth?
Humanistic approach
What situation does Bethany find herself in, according to the application of approaches?
Experiencing anxiety attacks, feeling depressed about her results, and missing classes.
Which approaches can be applied to Bethany’s situation?
- Humanistic
- Behaviourist
What is Jimmy’s main issue as described in the case study?
He is becoming dependent on alcohol and is facing issues at work and in his relationship.
Which approaches can be applied to analyze Jimmy’s situation?
- Biological
- Sociocultural
- Cognitive
Now go back to week 2 slides
Look at Ben’s case study
Now go back to week 2 slides
Look at Beth’s case study
