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LG Exam > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Preoperational

A

(Piaget’s Stages)

2-6 years old

  • representing things w/ words & images
  • still unable to reason logically
  • has ability to pretend
  • pretend play
  • language development
  • egocentrism
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2
Q

Concrete Operational

A

(Piaget’s Stages)

7-11 years old

The child can think logically about concrete objects &I can thus add and subtraction.
- child also understands conservation

  • hierarchical classification
  • conservation
  • Mathematical transformation
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3
Q

sensorimotor

A

(Piaget’s Stages)
Birth to 2 years old

experiencing the world through senses & actions

  • object permanence (peek a boo)
  • separation anxiety (needs to be w/ mom)
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4
Q

Formal Operational

A

(Piaget’s Stages)

12- adulthood
-thinking about hypothetical scenarios & processing abstract thoughts ( logical, systematic thinking)

  • abstract thought
  • potential for mature moral reasoning
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5
Q

Oral

A

(Freud’s Stages)

0-18 months
Mouth sucking, chewing, biting.

-ego develops

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6
Q

Anal

A

(Freud’s Stages)

18-36 months

Control over bowel & bladder elimination; coping w/ demands for control (pooping)
~ toilet training

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7
Q

Phallic

A

(Freud’s Stages)

Genitals; sexual feelings

Oedipus Complex: boys attracted to mom
Electra Complex: girls attracted to dad (penis envy)

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8
Q

Genital

A

(Freud’s Stages)

After puberty

  • maturation of sexual interest
  • sexual intercourse
  • reach full sexual maturity
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9
Q

Latency

A

(Freud’s Stages)

6 to puberty

Dormant (suppressed) sexual feelings
- Drawn to authority figures
- Developing defense mechanisms
(Little to no sexual feelings present)

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10
Q

Trust vs. Mistrust

A

(Erikson’s Stages)

Infancy (0-18 months)

  • children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, affection. A lack of this will lead to mistrust.
  • breast feeding
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11
Q

Autonomy vs. Shame & doubt

A

(Erikson’s Stages)

Early childhood (2 to 3 years old)

  • child learns what he/she can control & develops a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame & doubt.
  • toilet training
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12
Q

Initiative vs. Guilt

A

(Erickson’s Stages)

(3-5 years old)
- child learns to take action, explore, imagine, & feel remorse for negative actions (guilt)

  • exploration
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13
Q

Industry vs. Inferiority

A

(Erickson’s Stages)

6-11 years old

  • child needs to cope with new social & academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feeling of inferiority.
  • school
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14
Q

Identity vs. Role Confusion

A

(Erickson’s Stages)

(12-18 years old)

  • teens need to develop a sense of self & personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to self while failure leads to role confusion & a weak sense of self.
  • social identity
  • personal identity

Ex: preppy, jocks; gothics

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15
Q

Intimacy vs. Isolation

A

(Erickson’s Stages)

19-40 years old

  • develops an ability to give & receive love
  • begin to make long-term commitments to relationships
  • form intimate loving relationships but failure in relationship may lead to loneliness & isolation.
  • relationships
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16
Q

Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

(Erickson’s Stages)

40-65 years old

  • adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people.
  • success leads to feelings of usefulness & accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world .
  • work & parenthood
  • potential mid life crisis
17
Q

Ego- integrity vs. Despair

A

(Erickson’s Stages)

65 years & older

  • older adults need to look back on life & feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair.
  • reflection on life
  • assessing overall satisfaction with life.
18
Q

Ego

A

(Freud- personality)

  • mediator/ realistic/ rational
  • compromise
  • helps person deal with reality
  • satisfies it’s desire in a realistic way
  • reality principle

“Just eat a small pieces of chocolate instead of the entire bar”

19
Q

Superego

A

(Freud-personality)

  • moral standards “angel”
  • sense of right and wrong

“Don’t have that cake; you’re on a diet!”

20
Q

Id

A

(Freud-personality)

  • pleasure principle “Devil”
  • pleasure oriented & selfish

“I don’t care if I’m on a diet; I want chocolate!”

Sociopath, psychopath

LG Exam (4 decks)

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