Theories Flashcards

Question

Structural family therapy; therapists role

Answer 1

Therapist is actively involved Joins the families culture using their language Like the "friendly uncle" Helps family understand how structure can be changed

Answer 2

Restructure fam system to allow for symptom relief and problem solving Change dysfunctional transactional patterns and create new ways of relating Help create flexible boundaries

Answer 3

Family maps Alliances Coalitions - Hierarchy - leadership and direction provided by the adults Subsystems -families organize themselves by generation , relationship and necessity; example- parent subsystem.... etc. disengaged boundaries - fam members are isolated for one another can lead to AOD use as well as rigid boundaries. Enmeshed boundaries - overly dependent and too closely involved. Joining - therapists first task , involves blending in with the family , adapting the family's affect style , and language . Tracking - therapist pays attention to how family's interact ; boundaries , roles , coalitions.. Mimesis- therapist tracks family's style of communication and uses it Unbalancing supporting someone who is in a one down position thus changing hiercarchal position.

Answer 4

Beginning -join with family , accommodate and challenge rules of family system , assessment / mapping of family hierarchy, alignments , boundaries, reframing of problem to include the whole systems problem. Middle -highlight and modify interactions , utilize enactment of issues to challenge participants and unbalance system . End - review progress made , reinforce structural change , provide tools for future.

Answer 5

Change happens through self awareness and improved communication. Humanistic systems approach. Very growth oriented.

Answer 6

Active facilitator Resource detective - looking for untapped strengths and family's uniqueness Therapist is genuine and warm- idea of being congruent Honest and direct

Answer 7

Goal is to increase congruent communication , improved self - esteem / confidence , and personal growth

Answer 8

Incongruent communication: discrepancies between verbal and nonverbal cues. Styles of communication Dysfunctional styles ; placater, blamer, computer , distracter. Family life chronology - fam history - idealist , values , rules , disruptions , moves and major events . How events are carried out presently.

Answer 9

Modeling communication - I statements , express feelings directly, be honest. Family sculpting - put people into a spatial metaphor to represent family member characterizations Take responsibility - encouraging clients to take responsibility for how they feel , therapist will point out sarcastic comments Metaphors and story telling - to understand their roles Transforming roles -

Answer 10

Beginning - establish rapport , sense of equality and hope. Assess communications patterns, stances and concerns , identify tx goals , family life chronology. Middle- increase fam congruent communication , support and strengthen each persons individual sense of uniqueness and self - esteem. End - help family practice , implement , and integrate changes and increase awareness of larger familial patterns.

Answer 11

``` Object relations Self psychology Adlerian therapy Depth psychology Attachment based therapy ```

Answer 12

People have unconscious motivations , drives , and processes that impact how they function. These are constructed by early childhood caregiving dynamics. Therapeutic relationship is a tool for therapy.

Answer 13

Change occurs through both reparative experiences within the treatment relationship and from new insight into and modification of entrenched object relations pathology.

Answer 14

Neutral Emphasis on transference and countertransference Therapist as a new and good object

Answer 15

Providing reparative experiences and building new internal structures Gaining insight to how past relationships impact clients functioning - changing past object relations pathology Improving relationships with self and others

Answer 16

Objects : refers to persons in the external world individuals seek objects ( others) from birth Internalization: early infant caretaker interactions lead to the person internalizing basic attitudes towards self and others Self and object representations - infants form images of themselves and others - these become internal structures Ego- the structure responsible for dealing with the world , for instituting defense mechanisms , for internalizing external objects and for integrating and synthesizing self and object representations. Splitting - when two contradictory states are compartmentalized and not integrated. Such as love and hate. Two extreme views of people. Projection- projecting undesirable feelings or emotions onto someone else, rather than admitting to or dealing with unwanted feelings. Projective identification-refers to psychological process where someone projects a thought or belief onto someone else- and that person will begin to behave as though he is in fact actually characterized by that thought or belief . Interjection- subject replicates behaviors attributes from their world including from people. Aggression from little boy who watches dad perpetrate dv.

Answer 17

Beginning - establish a holding environment , build rapport and therapeutic alliance through listening and exploration of clients experience, empathy and neutrality. Middle- promote insight and growth through interpretation. Confront resistance and primitive defense mechanisms , focus on transference / countertransference dynamic, identify and process projective iD End - work through termination and abandonment issues. Consolidate interpretations. Review insights gained in therapy.

Answer 18

Change occurs through empathic attunement and strengthening self structures through optimal responsiveness . Re -parenting of the client.

Answer 19

Emphasis on empathic understanding Optimal responsiveness Allows emergence of self object transference and repair of disruptions

Answer 20

Developing self cohesion and self esteem Being more in touch with themselves Locating better self objects

Answer 21

Self - objects - early caretakers Self object needs - mirroring , idealization of others , twin / alter ego Mirroring - approving and confirming responses Optimal frustration - self object is needed but not accessible - potential problem Mirroring transference - the patient seeks acceptance from therapist of the self Twinship transference - patient sees himself like therapist . Feels validating Idealizing transference - patient looks up and admires therapist ( good thing) Adversarial transference - a therapist that they can disagree with in order to grow and still be safe. Experience - near empathy- therapist steps into clients shoes and imagines what it's like - body sensations - mirrors it back to them.

Answer 22

Establish holding environment Provide experience near empathy Repair disruptions of self object transference Addressing enactments Empathizinf with losses and blows to self Mourning loss of self objects

Answer 23

Early - establish holding environment where therapist is able to provide containment. Provide experience near empathyS. Explore clients problem and history. Middle - repair disruptions of self object transference , address enactments , empathizing with losses and blows to self , mourning loss of self objects , mourning ambitions and fantasies , identify alternative self objects . End - reflect on tx process, acknowledge and process issues related to termination.

Answer 24

Occurs by increasing clients self -awareness and challenging and modifying his or her fundamental premises , life goals , and basic concepts.

Answer 25

``` Accepting Encouraging Respectful Optimistic Co- thinker Relationship is collaborative and built on trust ```

Answer 26

Challenge clients basic premises and life goals Develop socially useful goals and increase social interests Believes that therapist should help clients incr see social interest and become a bigger part of the community. Adlerian is the only theorist that has this as tx goal. Increase sense of belonging Parenting goals- if children are acting out it's because they feel like they don't belong

Answer 27

Altruism- people who practice report higher levels of happiness Inferiority- inferiority feelings are always present as a motivating force in behavior . Adler proposed that inferiority feelings are the source of all human striving . Individual growth results from compensation , from our attempts to overcome our real or imagined inferiorities. Early recollection- used as an assessment tool. Stories of events before age 10. Include what client thought and felt at that time. Family constellation- ecploration of fam atmosphere and relational dynamics that prevailed when young . Lifestyle assessment - identifying through a questionnaire or clinical interview what clients underlying goals are- through early recollections. Social context - widened view that problems were not simply intrapsychic and incorporated the notion that the social context of persons lifestyle contributed as well . Social interest - therapeutic goal was to develop social interest where client had genuine feelings of empathy for others instead of a need to conquer their feelings of inferiority.

Answer 28

Dream interpretation - Adler considered dreams as an open pathway to true thoughts emotions and actions. Dreams enable us to see our aggressive impulses and actions Summary- shares result of assessments as a narrative that is discussed with client Role playing - middle stages of therapy . Practice new behavior Guided imagery- change negative imprints form childhood. Encouragement - helping client build courage. Becoming aware of strengths and feeling more connected towards other. Not focusing on problem .

Answer 29

Beginning - establish relationship , make contact before problem , become aware of assets and strengths ; completes lifestyle assessment and family constellations . Summary is shared with client. Focus on dynamics that may have influenced sense of self , inferiority and the world. Middle - encourage self understanding and insight through interpretation. Overcome feelings of insecurity through therapists optimism, collaborate to increase social connectedness. End -putting insights into practice . Encouraging clients to take risks with new bx to act as if they are the people they want to be .