Theories of Criminology and Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
(27 cards)
Marbury v Madison
judicial review
Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional
Scott v Sanford
slaves are property
MI compromise unconstitutional
Plessy v Ferguson
separate but equal
Schenck v US
Supreme Court places limits on free speech
cannot say words that present clear and present danger
Brown v Board of Ed
separate but equal undone
Miranda v Arizona
must be read your rights
Gideon v Wainwright
right to an attorney
Price and Bowers Trial
three civil rights activists killed by KKK members
brought civil rights movement forward
Brandenburg v Ohio
KKK member arrested for inciting crime, sabotage, and violence
SC rules that free speech protected unless it incites lawless action
Tinker v Des Moines
students have right to free speech
unless it is disruptive
Furman v Georgia
abolished death penalty “cruel and unusual punishment”
Roe v Wade
abortion laws
Collin v Smith
Nazi group plans march through 1/2 Jewish town
SC rules that they are allowed to do this
Citizens United v FEC
corporations = people money = free speech
Obergefell v Hodges
gay marriage is protected
classical criminology
prevailing theory in our justice system
choice theory
individuals have free will
utilitarianism
greatest amount of good for greatest number of people
rational choice theory
criminals weigh costs and benefits of committing a crime against not committing the crime
positivism
criminal behavior is driven by external factors beyond their control
biological
genetics, hormones, other mental/physical factors
social disorganization theory
crime results from poverty, the breakdown of social institutions, gangs, and criminal values
social process theories
the potential for crime lies in everyone
learning theory
crime is a learned behavior
