Theory 1 Flashcards by Gedrick Canete

Most important measures to prevent hospital acquired infection is?

Hand hygiene

Gloving

Using face mask

A. Hand hygiene

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Which, among the following is the body‘s first line of defense?

Skin

WBC

neutrophils

Skin

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Primary mediator of inflammation is?

Prostaglandins

Histamine/ serotonin / bradykinin / cytokines

Ventricular tachycardia

Histamine / serotonin / bradykinin / cytokines

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The first defence against infection is by the?

Neutrophils

Basophils

Eosinophils

Neutrophils

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Which of the following is associated with high risk of infection?

A central venous catheter

Peripheral catheter

Implanted port

A central venous catheter

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2 days following a major surgery, which of the following vital signs changes should be considered important by the nurse?

Pulse - 100/mt

BP 160/60 mm/Hg

Temp 38.8 °c

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The term that indicates relative of the internal environment?

Homeostatis

Isotonicity

Homeostatis

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Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation?

Pain

Redness

Coldness

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Number of stages for pressure ulcers is:

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Which of the following is not spread by large air droplets:

Diptheria

Pertussis

Measles

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When host is not affected by organism, organism is silent inside the host is called?

Carrier

Colony

Agent

Reservoir

Carrier

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Which of the following is the most common complication of tracheostomy?

Occlusion and replacement

Bleeding

Infection

Occlusion and replacement

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After surgery, the use of incentive spirometry is?

To Keep the alveoli open and prevent from collapsing

To remove secretion

To Keep the alveoli open and prevent from collapsing

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The volume of air that remains in the air passages that do not participate in inspiration or expiration.

Physiological dead space

vital capacity

residual volume

Physiological dead space

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Adequate hydration is important for patients with pneumonia as it

Helps to thin and loosen the secretions

Keeps the clients hydrated

Helps to maintain intake and output

Helps to thin and loosen the secretions

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COPD is a…

A reversible respiratory condition

A chronic irreversible airway disease

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The amount of air entering and leaving the lungs in each breath

Vital capacity

Tidal volume

Functional residual volume

Tidal volume

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Which of the following is not associated with excessive secretions in the respiratory passages?

Trauma to the tracheobronchial tree

Diminish cough reflex

Obstruction of the air passages

Trauma to the tracheobronchial tree

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When person confirms pneumonia two weeks after admission to a hospital which he did not had at the time of admission it is?

Hospital acquired pneumonia

Community acquired pneumonia

Aspiration pneumonia

Hospital acquired pneumonia

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Which instrument is used to measure a client each breath

Pulmonary function test

Stethoscope

Incentive spirometry

Pulmonary function test

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A patient receiving 6 L of oxygen by nasal prongs is complaining of nasal irritation

Humidify the oxygen

Use face mask instead of prongs / venturi mask

Ask the patient to sit up in the bed

Use face mask instead of prongs / venturi mask

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Which of the following is a side effect of bronchodilator therapy?

Bradycardia

Tachycardia

Bradypnea

Tachycardia

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When a particle enters the lower lungs, it causes…

Hospital acquired pneumonia

Aspiration pneumonia

Healthcare associated pneumonia

Aspiration pneumonia

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Chronic obstructive disease of air passages where edema, pus formation, and hyperreactivity are present…

Asthma

Chronic bronchitis

Atelectasis

Asthma

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**Which of the following is not used as a pain scale?** Verbal description sheets Numerical pain scale Glasgow coma scale

Glasgow coma scale

**Which is not indicated for a client with increased ICP?** Avoiding Valsalva maneuver Trendelenburg position Decrease cranial stimuli

Trendelenburg position

**The nurse is evaluating the status of a client who had a craniotomy three days ago. Which assessment finding would indicate that the client is developing meningitis as a complication of a surgery?** A negative Kernig’s sign A positive Brudzinski sign A GCS score of 15

A positive Brudzinski sign

**A client has clear fluid leaking from the following a basilar skull fracture, which finding would alert the nurse that CSF is present?** Fluid is clear and test negative for glucose Fluid is grossly bloody in appearance and has a 11 of six Fluid separates into concentric rings, test positive for glucose

Fluid separates into concentric rings, test positive for glucose

**Which is the most sensitive and earliest indication of increasing ICP?** Slowed heart rate Altered level of consciousness Headache

Headache

**Which of the following is not a sign of neurovascular compromise?** Pain Pallor Pus

Pus

**The spinal cord extends from?** C- L1 C- L2 C- L3

C-L2

**The inability of a client to communicate effectively is called?** Aphasia Agnosia Apraxia

Aphasia

**Bell’s palsy paralysis of which cranial nerve?** CN VI CN VII CN VIII

CN VII

**The innermost layer of meninges is?** Pia mater Arachnoid mater Dura mater

Pia mater

**Which of the following is a symptom of hypothyroidism?** Intolerance to heat Intolerance to cold Weight loss

Intolerance to cold

**Common side effect of opioid analgesics** Respiratory arrest Constipation Ptosis

Constipation

**A young adult is admitted with acute bacterial meningitis. The nurse maintain accurate intake it output chart. The purpose of this is to?** Prevent cerebral edema Check for hypovolemia To prevent dehydration

Prevent cerebral edema

**Which is the most common complication of administering TPA for a patient with stroke?** Myocardial infarction Cerebral hemorrhage

Cerebral hemorrhage

**What is the risk factor for administering thrombolytic therapy for a patient with stroke?** Myocardial infarction History of cerebral hemorrhage

History of cerebral hemorrhage

A pattern develop sudden, atrial fibrillation; the nurse checks the pulse, and will be… Rapid radial pulse Irregular radial pulse Rapid, irregular pulse

Rapid, irregular pulse

**Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood?** Right atrium Right ventricle Left atrium

Left atrium

**Which is a risk factor for hypertension?** Hypernatremia Hyperkalemia Hypocalcemia

Hyper natremia

**After surgery to decrease the complication of DVT, the nurse should advise the patient to…** Early ambulation ROM exercises All of the above

All of the above

**Patient is getting warfarin and the nurse finds that INR is 2.5. What action will be taken by the nurse?** Stop warfarin and inform the doctor Continue warfarin Administer vitamin K as ordered

Continue warfarin

**A nurse is checking the pulse rate of a patient. She gets a pulse rate of 100 bpm and the nurse will record in the client chart as.** Bradycardia Tachycardia Ventricular tachycardia

Tachycardia

**The non-invasive method to find the saturation of blood is?** Pulse oximeter PFT or pulmonary function test ABG

Pulse oximeter

**A major hematological problem in the elderly is?** Hemophilia Anemia Thrombocytopenia

Anemia

**The antidote for warfarin is?** Protamine sulfate Vitamin K Naloxone

Vitamin K

**Which of these is the least cause of phlebitis?** Bacterial Viral Chemical

Viral

**Negative pressure drainage *cannot* be used in patients with which type of wound.** Pressure ulcer Diabetic wound Malignant wound

Malignant wound

**An elderly patient complains of sudden pain in the center of the chest. What is the nurse appropriate action?** Take an ECG Echocardiogram Halter monitoring

Take an ECG

**Nurse is watching the cardiac monitor, and the clients rhythm changes. There are no P waves. Instead there are fibrillatory waves before each QRS complex. How should the nurse correctly interpret the clients heart rhythm?** Atrial fibrillation Sinus bradycardia Ventricular fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation

**A block in the pulmonary artery, or any of its branches cause by a thrombus formed elsewhere in the body is called?** Pulmonary embolus Deep vein thrombosis

Pulmonary embolus

**Which is a risk factor for administering thrombolytic therapy for patients with stroke?** Myocardial infarction History of cerebral hemorrhage

History of cerebral hemorrhage

**Which of the following is a symptom of cardiogenic shock?** Hypotension Bradycardia Hypertension

Hypotension

**Which of the following is the most common type of circulatory shock?** Cardiogenic Neurogenic Septic

Cardiogenic

**Which of these arteries is not a branch of the left coronary artery?** Left main coronary Circumflex artery Posterior descending artery

Posterior descending artery

**A patient post myocardial infarction during his of rest is advised to ambulate his lower extremities.** Preventing reoccurrence of myocardial infarction Prevent DVT

Prevent DVT

**When there is decreased cardiac output, what will happen? Immediate response?** Hypertension Hypotension Tachycardia

Hypotension

**The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client knowing that this at-risk for which vitamin deficiency?** Vitamin B-12 Vitamin C Vitamin A

Vitamin B-12

**The healthcare provider has determined that the client with hepatitis has the infection from contaminated food. The nurse understand that their client must likely experiencing what type of hepatitis?** Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C

Hepatitis A

**Which one is not a postoperative complication of gastrectomy?** Hemorrhage Constipation Vitamin B-12 deficiency

Constipation

**A patient comes to the hospital with complaints of dizziness and left lower abdominal pain since one week and had two bloody stools. What was the nurse expect the treatment plan of the patient be?** Prescribe analgesics advice to review after one week Administer IV fluids, and observe the patient Order CT scan to rule out diverticulitis

Order CT scan to rule out diverticulitis

**The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client with roses and notes that the ammonia level is elevated. Which diet does the nurse anticipate to be prescribed for this client?** Low protein diet High protein diet Moderate fat diet

Low protein diet

**Which of the following is an early sign of hypoglycaemia?** Irritability Restlessness Confusion

Irritability

**Mr. Jean admitted with nausea, vomiting and localized pain and palpable mass in the right upper quadrant. He cannot take a deep breath when the nurse hand is place below costal margin on the right side, which sign does it have.** Murphy’s sign Cullen’s sign Turner’s sign

Murphy’s sign

**The major health issue with increasing number of obese people is?** Diabetes mellitus Stress Depression

Diabetes mellitus

**The major reasons for bleeding in a cancer patient is?** Anemia Leukopenia Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia

One of the following is not considered as a cause of cancer. Diet Enzymes Hormones

Enzymes

**Which of the following is a route for TPN?** Subclavian vein Femoral vein Brachial vein

Subclavian vein

**A newborn weighing 3.88 kg is ordered 150ml/kg of fluid per day. How many milliliters of fluid should be given in 24 hours?** 5.82 ML. 582 ML 222 ML

582 ML

**A Staff nurse is discussing about a clients diagnosis and treatment with other staff during lunchtime. Which principal according to Irish, code of ethics is breached.** Trust and confidentiality Quality of care Professional responsibility and accountability

Trust and confidentiality

**A nurse accepts a small financial loan from a client which principle is being breeched by the nurse?** Professional responsibility and accountability Quality of care Collaboration with others

Professional responsibility and accountability

**A registered nurse is helping a student nurse in providing care to the patient. Which principle is she adhering to?** Quality of care Collaboration with others Trust and confidentiality

Collaboration with others

**A nurse is giving advice for a client who is seeking help for a weight reduction. The nurse also refers the client to a dietitian which principle is being followed by the nurse.** Professional responsibility and accountability Quality of care Collaboration with others

Collaboration with others

**A client is nearly diagnosed with type two diabetes mellitus. The nurse is providing accurate, full and appropriate information to the client regarding the disease which principle is being followed by the nurse?** Professional responsibility and accountability Trust and confidentiality Collaboration with others

Trust and confidentiality

**The nurse *fails to document* the caregiving to the client appropriately. Which principle is being breach by the nurse.?** Professional responsibility and accountability Quality of care Collaboration with others

Collaboration with others

**A nurse joined for a nursing refreshment program since she was not working for the last six years. Which principle according to the Irish code ethics is following.** Trust and confidentiality Quality of care Collaboration with others

Quality of care

**A research that uses descriptive statements from the patient refers to?** Quantitative research Qualitative research Action research

Qualitative research

**The selected elements (open people or objects), chosen for participation in a research study refers to?** Population Sample Variable

Sample

**A research that uses numerical values is?** Quantitative research Mixed method research Qualitative research

Quantitative research

Polyurea is when? Urine output is less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr Urine output is less than 50 ML/KG/HR Increased urinary output

Increase urinary output

**The first line of treatment for prostate cancer is?** Radical prostatectomy Diarrhea Androgen ablation therapy or hormone therapy

Androgen ablation therapy or hormone therapy

**Cystoscopy is contraindicated during?** Meningitis UTI Heart failure

UTI

**Which of the following is not a lower urinary track infection?** Pyelonephritis Cystitis Urethritis

Pyelonephritis

**Prerenal cause of renal failure is?** Hemorrhage Calculi Sepsis

Hemorrhage

**The movement of solvent molecule across a membrane in response to a concentration gradient is termed as?** Diffusion Osmosis Filtration

Osmosis

**Which is an early sign of dehydration in young in middle age, adult** Thirst Tachycardia Bradycardia

Thirst

**Hyperaldosteronism may result in?** Hyponatremia Hypernatremia Hyperkalemia

Hypernatremia

**Which of the following electrolytes lost in projective vomiting?** Calcium Magnesium Potassium

Potassium

**Reduced Renal blood flow results from?** Hypovolemic shock Reduce renal mass Lower GFR

Hypovolemic shock

**Specific gravity of urine in a dehydrated patient is?** 1.009. 1.019. 1.039.

1.039.

**A patient who underwent a major in neurosurgery developed, diabetic insipidus as a complication. The client will be having.?** Decrease serum, osmolarity, increased urine osmolarity Decrees serum, osmolarity, decrease urine osmolarity Increase serum, osmolarity, decreased urine osmolarity

**I**n**s**ipi**d****u**s **I**ncrease **s**erum, osmolarity, **d**ecreased **u**rine osmolarity

**A person with burn injury of neck and face brought to the ER. The patient is having excessive, smoky, secretions and difficulty in breathing the nurse first appropriate action be.** Offer him Ice chips smooth in his mouth Administer oxygen Administer IV fluids

Administer oxygen

**After a below knee amputation, the leg should be placed in which position for the first 24 hours.** Elevate using a pillow Dressing should be changed 3 to 4 times The limb should be in dependent position

Elevate using a pillow

**Middle ear is made up of three bones. Which one is not present in middle ear?** Malleus Encus Organ of Corti

Organ of Corti

**After the application of plaster cast for fracture of humerus. The client is complaining of decreased sensation in her fingers. The nurse action should be.** Assess the neurovascular status of the hand Advice to elevate the hand Apply hot pack on the plaster test

Assess the neurovascular status of the hand

**What is the immediate management of foot on cast?** Elevate the leg Provide warmth Keep in independent position

Elevate the leg

**The term that indicates relative stability of the internal environment?** Homeostatic Isotonicity

Homeostatic

**Management to prevent DVT** Warfarin Anti embolism stockings All of the above

All of the above

**The mode of transmission of hepatitis B is?** Parenteral route Fecal-oral route Direct contact

Parenteral route

**Burning sensation in the mid epigastric area 1 1/2 to 3 hours after meals may indicate?** Oesophageal ulcer Gastro ulcer duodenal ulcer

Duodenal ulcer

**The most common sign of infection in older client?** Fever Confusion Hypotension

Confusion

**Insensible fluid loss includes fluid loss from?** Lungs and kidneys Skin and kidneys Lungs and skin

Lungs and skin

**A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 100 units per hour. The nurse determines that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect based on which result.** Prothrombin time of 12.5 seconds. APTT time of 60 seconds APTT time longer than 120 seconds

APPT time of 60 seconds

**Following a liver biopsy, a patient should lie on the right side for?** 30 minutes Two hours Three hours

Three hours

**Which organ are most commonly affected by postoperative complication in older adults?** Lungs and kidneys Lungs and heart Kidneys and heart

Lungs and heart

**Which of the organs control bodies acid-base balance** Lungs and kidneys Lungs and heart Kidneys and heart

Lungs and kidneys

**Which is the most common mood disorder in the elderly?** Dementia Depression Mania

Depression

**Teenager who had an open an internal fixation for fracture of the femur. Two days after surgery, she asked the nurse when can I start ambulation? The nurse response, that early ambulation depends upon her…** Physical ability Mental ability Emotional ability All of the above

All of the above

**Prolonged vomiting can cause?** Hyponatremia Hypokalemia Hyperkalemia Hypernatremia

Hypokalemia

**Aisling is an asthma nurse, working in the outpatient respiratory clinic in a Cork hospital. A service user finds her advice and support invaluable to managing his symptoms. He also develops a close rapport with her in the clinic. At home he looks for her on Facebook. He sent her a friend request. As a nurse what would be her appropriate response?** Accept the request Decline the request Contact him and tell that it is not possible to accept the request Search service users profile before accepting the request

Decline request

**After expiration, 50 ML of a remains in the lungs. What is it called?** Dead space of air Vital capacity Tidal volume Residual volume

Residual volume

**A client with myocardial infarction suddenly becomes tachycardic, shows signs of air, hunger, and begins coughing frothy, pink – think sputum. Which finding would the nurse anticipate when auscultating the clients breath sounds?** Stridor Crackles Diminished breath sounds

Crackles

**Two days after surgery a newly diagnosed type two diabetic patient is unable to take solid food. The client is seen confused, irritable and anxious. What might be the cause of this?** Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia Hypotension

Hypoglycemia

**A nurse is monitoring a client who is taking digoxin for adverse effect. Which one is not a characteristic of digoxin toxicity?** Tremors Diarrhea Blurred vision

Tremors

**A nurse is providing safe, competent care to a patient in a compassionate way, which principle is the following?** Professional accountability Quality of care Respect and dignity of the person Collaboration with others

Quality of care

**Which of the following is an early sign of hypokalemia?** Agitation Fatigue Drowsiness

Fatigue

**A client has just had surgery to create an ileostomy. The nurse assesses the clients in the immediate postoperative period for which most frequent complication of this type of surgery.?** Folate deficiency Malabsorption of fat Intestinal obstruction Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance

**Identify decorticate posturing** A client flexes, one or both arms on the chest and may extend the legs stiffly Client stiff leg stance, one or both arms and possibly legs Client displays no motor response in any of the extremity

A client flexes, one or both arms in the chest, and may extend the legs stiffly

**The test used to assess extraocular eye. Movement is.** Confrontation test Six cardinal gaze test. Snellen’s vision chart test

Six cardinal gaze test

**Which nursing principle is being breech when a staff nurse tweets on shortage of staff in her ward.** Professional accountability Quality of care Respect and dignity of the person Collaboration with the others

Professional accountability

**A patient is advised for MRI, which point the nurse should inform the doctor** The patient is unconscious The patient has pacemaker in situ The patient is taking food

The patient has pacemaker in situ

**What is true about 0.9% NS?** It’s osmolarity is greater than of ECF or extra cellular fluid It’s osmolarity is equal to ECF contain sodium and water and chloride It’s osmolarity less than ECF

It’s osmolarity is equal to ECF contains sodium water and chloride

**Which of the following condition would result in low serum osmolarity?** Dehydration Burns Overhydration Hypernatremia

Overhydration

**How will you speak to a patient with hearing deficits?** Speak loudly Speak to the posterior Stand at the side of less impairment and speak Use a sign language

Stand up a side of less impairment in speak

**Which of the following is important in the regulation of blood pressure for clients?** Renin, sodium, ADH, creatinine Ridden, sodium, ADH, potassium, Renin, sodium, ADH, aldosterone

Renin, sodium ADH, aldosterone

**A nurse manager find served assistant nurses passing sarcastic comments on each other while on duty in the last two days she finds that it is creating work pressure among coworkers. Also, what is the appropriate action by the nurse manager?** Talk with each person separately about their concern Hold a meeting with the two persons together to discuss the issue Inform the higher authority

Hold a meeting with the two persons together to discuss the issue

**Common cause of postoperative hypoxia in a client is?** Aspiration Bronchospasm Atelectasis Pleuritis

Atelectasis

**After a fracture of the right femur, the nurse should advise which of the following to prevent compartment syndrome** Elevate the leg about heart level Early ambulation Keep the leg in a neutral position

Elevate the leg about heart level

**Abdominal compartment syndrome can because by the following, except…** Sepsis Hip replacement Pancreatitis Coma

Coma

**Which of these is not a stress reduction technique** Healthy eating habits Broad social network Social classes Relaxation technique

Healthy eating habits

**The nurse is taking informed consent, which element should be considered** The client is able to give consent The nurse asked if decision to give information to the client The client is able to take decision Information is given to the client so that the client can take a decision about the consent

Information is given to the client so that the client can take a decision about the consent

**The range of roles, functions, responsibilities, and activities, which a registered nurse is educated, competent, and has authority to perform comprises the?** Ethics and code of nursing Scope of nursing practice Principal of nursing practice

Scope of nursing practice

**A nurse is providing care to a patient by valuing his personal choices and preferences which principle according to the Irish college of ethics, for nurses is being followed** Professional responsibility and accountability Respect for the dignity of the person Trust and confidentiality Quality of care

Respect for the dignity of the person

**Which theory is influence behavior modification of nurses over the years?** Historical theory Behavior modification theory

Behavior, modification theory

**The nurse, endorses the wards and saw a patient lying down on the floor, the nurse will document in the clients chart as…** As I enter the ward, I found the patient lying on the floor The patient did not use the sidewalk, so he fell down Patient fell because of sedation Patient sale because he or she was agitated

As I enter the ward, I found the patient lying on the floor

**The member nurse covering lining the thoracic cavity and covering the lungs is?** Sclera Pleura Peritoneum

Pleura

**What Pain is experience by the patient with renal stones?** Dull flank pain Severe sharp pain Diffused abdominal pain

Severe sharp pain

**When changing dressing for a patient two days after hip replacement surgery, the nurse will be *least* bothered about?** Bloody drainage Purulent drainage Serous drainage

Serous drainage

**Which statement is true about blood transfusion?** Change the blood transfusion set every six hours Change the blood transfusion set every 24 hours Change the blood transfusion set after each transfusion Change the blood transfusion set after all transfusions are complete

Change the blood transfusion set after each transfusion

**Presence** of pathogen in a person **without** causing any host pathogen **interaction** in the body is? Reservoir Infection Colonization

Colonization

**A patient has been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, the nurse is providing clear, correct information about the condition to the client which principle is she following?** Professional responsibility and accountability Quality of care Trust and confidentiality Respect for the dignity of the person

Professional responsibility and accountability

**A person from Jehovah’s community is admitted with severe bleeding following a massive accident. physician orders blood transfusion but the patient is not ready for blood transfusion. What would be the most appropriate action by the nurse?** Administer blood, even if client is unwilling Explain the need for blood transfusion Inform the physician Obtain the court order

Inform the physician

**Which of the following is a symptom of decreased cardiac output?** Hypotension Bradycardia Tachycardia Hypertension

Tachycardia

**A nurse is assigned to four patients. Which patient will be the nurse first attend?** Patient with abdominal pain and he scheduled for ultrasound A patient who needs discharge instructions A patient with tracheostomy, who is having thick secretions

A patient with tracheostomy, who is having thick secretions

**Due to nursing shortage, a nurse from the surgical ward is posted to the medical words. Which patient will the medical nurse assigned to the surgical nurse.** Patient with COPD and have respiratory disease I diabetic patient who needs a discharge instructions A patient who just had bronchoscopy

A patient who just had bronchoscopy

**The amount of blood _pumped_ by the ventricle with each heartbeat is?** Cardiac output Stroke volume Afterload Systemic outputs

Stroke volume

**Which vital signs is important in assessing systemic inflammatory response syndrome?** Hypotension or hypertension Hypothermia or hyperthermia Oligoria or polyurea

Hypothermia and hyperthermia

**Which of the following can result in postoperative respiratory depression?** Thiazide diuretics Opioid analgesic NSAIDS Loop diuretics

Opioid analgesics

**What is the criteria for switching IV antibiotic therapy to oral antibiotic therapy?** IV access not available. Five days post commencement of treatment Patient able to take food and drinks orally

Five days post commencement of treatment

**Adult women is admitted with metabolic acidosis, which set of arterial blood gas should the nurse expect to find in a client with metabolic acidosis.** PH: 7.28 , PCO2: 55, HCO3: 26 PH : 7.50, PCO2: 40, HCO3: 31 PH: 7.48, PCO2: 30, HCO3: 22 PH: 7.30, PCO2: 36, HCO3: 18

PH: 7.30, PCO2: 36, HCO3: 18

In increased ICP, which position is contraindicated High Fowlers position Head up to 35 to 45° Supine position

Heads up to 35 to 45°

**Least side effects of opioid analgesics** Hypertension Constipation Respiratory depression

Hypertension

**Most reliable test for thyroid** TSH T3 and T4 Serum T3 Thyroid antibodies

TSH

**The nurse find a patient had a fall and had a leg fracture. What will the nurse do first?** Call for x-ray immediately Immobilized before moving patient Asked patient to mobilized to check for fractures

Immobilized before moving patient

**Which pathogen contribute more to septic shock** Bacteria Fungal Protozoa Virus

Bacteria

**Trauma, pregnancy, and anticoagulation can cause a risk for?** Aspiration Pulmonary embolism Pleuritis

Pulmonary embolism

**Hospital acquired pneumonia is caused by?** Streptococcus pneumonia Haemophilus influenza Pseudomonas qurognosa Staphylococcus aureus

Streptococcus pneumonia

**Most important aspect in handwashing?** Soap Water Friction Time

Friction

**Which among there is not a prerenal cause for acute kidney infection?** Infection Hemorrhage

Infection

**Nurse in end of life, care, providing care, by polite, compassionate and safe environment, based on which principle?** Professional responsibility and accountability Trust and confidentiality Quality of care Collaboration with others

Quality of care

**Nurse participate in multidisciplinary meeting and provides professional information about patients under her care. Nurse is providing care according to reach principle?** Professional responsibility and accountability Collaboration with the others Quality of care

Collaboration with others

**Serum osmolarity is decreased in?** Acute kidney injury Burns Meningitis Head injury

Acute kidney injury

**Which condition to be given priority?** Asthma with breathing difficulty DM for discharge Patient for antibiotic therapy SPO2 with 90% in COPD

Asthma with breathing difficulty

**When engaging in decision, making regarding patient care, nurses follows which principles?** Best practice Evidence based practice Standard based practice

Evidence based practice

**Peptic ulcers are thought to be the result of which one of the following?** Genetic defect Fatty diet Stress Helicobacter pylori infection

H. pylori infection

**A patient who sustained a head injury, reacts to supra orbital pressure, removing their hand up to the face. How would you record this response?** Flexion Decerebration Extension Localizing

Localizing

**Nurses and midwives are professionally responsible and accountable for which of the following?** Their practice, attitudes and actions, including in actions and omissions Showing high standards are professional behavior Advocating for patients rights All of the above

All of the above

**The closer or collapse of alveoli is referred to as which of the following?** Atelectasis Hemothorax Pleural effusion

Atelectasis

**What is the depth of compression while giving CPR?** 2.5 CM. 7 CM 10 CM 5 CM

5 CM

**What is the CPR ratio for each minute?** 30 : 2 40 : 2 30 : 3 40: 3

30 : 2

**What is the deficiency of circulatory platelets?** Thrombocytopenia Hemophilia Sickle cell anemia

Thrombocytopenia

**The patient has skin tissue injury on leg and fracture has been ruled out post x-ray which of the action is contraindicated?** Elevate extremities Cold application Hot application Rest

Hot application

**Patient have O positive blood group. he can receive?** A or O AB or A A or B O

**If you notice reaction during a blood transfusion, what will be the immediate action?** Send sample to lab Stop transfusion Inform Doctor Continue transfusion

Stop transfusion

**A patient with heart failure is on medication, which findings shows that medication is in effective?** Edema in the legs Hypertension Headache

Edema in the legs

**An agitated angry patient is at the car with her, what is the nurses appropriate action?** Ask the patient to go to another room Tell other patients not to speak to the patient Tell others, you are safe and not to worry Provide safety for patients and others

Provide safety for patients and others

**What is the Sign of _improvement_ of hypovolemia after IV fluid?** Systolic BP, less than <100 Diastolic more than >90 Urine output more than >30 ML per hour

Urine output more than >30 ML per hour

**What is the appropriate series for abdominal examination?** Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation Inspection, palpation, auscultation, percussion Inspection, auscultation, palpation, percussion

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation ( IAPerPa )

**A CNM is newly introducing a clinical device, but the senior staff nurse is reluctant to use it. How can it be managed?** Explain all consequences Personally, address her concerns Address the problem in next staff meeting Inform the line manager

Personally, address her concerns

**Color of lids of waste bins for chemo therapeutic drugs?** Purple Blue Red Yellow

Purple

**Waste bins gonna be build up to?** 2/3rd 3/4th 1/4th 1/2

3/4th

**Which colored bag is used for non-risk waste?** Yellow Clear Red

Clear

**Color of waste bin used for infectious waste?** Yellow Clear Red

Yellow

**What care should be given to a patient in postoperative care after lung related surgery?** Spirometry Deep breathing and coughing exercise Positioning All of the above

All of the above

**Which condition is not related with accumulation of secretions?** Cystic fibrosis Pneumonia Asthma COPD

Asthma

**After blood loss, patient have anemia, which does not show?** Dyspnea Tachycardia Night sweats

Night sweats

**A patient recovering from anesthesia after surgery receive a dose of analgesia just prior to being shifted to the ward. Soon after reaching the ward he complaints of pain and request further dose and analgesia. What would the nurse’s appropriate action?** Ask him to wait for next dose Document the characteristic of pain Notify the doctor Give the next dose of analgesia

Notify the doctor

**What is the most effective method of removing dental plaque?** Dental flossing Toothbrushing Intro dental

Toothbrushing

**You are a registered nurse on duty in Saint Monica’s ward. One of your patience, Mr. Murphy’s condition is deteriorating. You are planning to communicate this to his daughter, how will you start the conversation?** Am I speaking to Mr. Murphy’s daughter? I am a registered nurse calling from Saint Monica ward I am calling to inform you something serious

Am I speaking to Mr. Murphy’s daughter?

**The patient is in end of life, and you want to inform these to the family. How would you start your conversation?** Can you come here quickly but safely. Can you come quick No need to come, visiting hours are finish

Can you come here quickly but safely

**After many years of hard work, you’ve got your dream job at what level of Maslow hierarchy does this include?** Self actualization Love in belongingness Safety needs Psychological needs

Self actualization

**While you assess GCS, patient does not obey commands but flexes his hands. what should be your next action?** Sternal rub Localizes pain Supraorbital ridge pressing Normal flexion

Supraorbital ridge pressing

**What is the common type of ulcer in plantar region?** Pressure ulcer Diabetic ulcer Arterial ulcer Venous ulcer

Diabetic ulcer

**Digitalis cause hypokalemia. The presenting symptoms of hypokalemia is.?** Fatigue Constipation Hematuria

Fatigue

**After alcohol withdrawal, which beverage to be restricted?** Coffee Carbonated drinks Citrus drinks

Coffee

**While accompanying a patient with stroke, a nurse should stand on which side?** Weak side Good side Right side

Weak side

**Immediate complication of MI after 24 hours?** Ventricular arrhythmia Pulmonary embolism Death Heart failure

Ventricular arrhythmia

**Mr. Joanne is dying and you are informing to her daughter. What is the first thing you were going to ask her daughter?** I am calling with bad news I am calling it. Bad news regarding your mother. Am I speaking to Jones daughter?

Am I speaking to John’s daughter?

**Delusion of grandeur means?** Feeling of importance Delusion of persecution

Feeling of importance

**A person is with dementia talks. But in between he forgets in add imaginary information, what is this condition?** Associative loosening Confabulation Flight of ideas

Confabulation

**A patient is diagnosed with chronic cancer, says, “ I want to live till the marriage of my granddaughter” according to Elizabeth Kubler Ross grief model, which stage is this?** Anger Denial Bargaining Acceptance

Bargaining

**The patient feels a false sensation.** Delusion Hallucination Mania

Hallucination

**What is the cause of pain in arterial ulcer in natural malleolus is due to?** Edema Ischemia Infection

Ischemia

**Which is not indicated immediately of the end of seizure activity?** Stay with a patient Reassure the patient Check the vital signs Give a glass of water to drink

Give a glass of water to drink

**Which condition is to be given highest priority?** Asthma with breathing difficulty DM for discharge Patient an antibiotic therapy COPD with oxygen saturation of 90%

Asthma with breathing difficulty

**A nurse, respects, beliefs, priority, and preference of a patient. Which principal is she following?** Professional responsibility and accountability Respect the dignity of the person Quality of practice

Respect the dignity of the person

**What is the serious side effect of a opioid analgesics?** Respiratory depression Tachycardia Hypertension

Respiratory depression

**Prioritize the patient.** Patient with fourth stage pressure ulcer Tracheostomy with severe secretions CPAP patient for sputum collection Patient with abdominal pain

Tracheostomy with severe secretions

**Which statement is true about female urethra?** It is straight Position posterior to vagina It is short

Position posterior to vagina

**One of the patients in the ward develop constipation a side effect of a drug. Which is the drug?** Ferrous fumarate Furosemide Atorvastatin

Ferrous fumarate

**Whats the correct order of grief cycle**

**D**enial **A**nger **B**argaining **D**epression **A**cceptance (DABDA)

**What is the immediate measurement after fracture?** Mobilization Immobilization

Immobilization

**What do you mean by emotional resilience?** Once ability to adapt to stressful situation or crisis Unable to adapt to stressful situation

Once ability to adapt to stressful situation or crisis

**A patient condition can be disclosed to?** Another registered nurse, who is not working in your ward A student under your supervision A porter or who knows this patient Physiotherapy who is consulting next patient

A student under your supervision

**Aspergillus belongs to which category?** Bacterial Virus Fungus Parasitic

Fungus

**Roundworm belongs to each category?** Bacteria Virus Fungus Parasitic

Parasitic

**Hepatitis B belongs to each category?** Bacteria Virus Fungus Parasitic

Virus

**Staphylococcus aureus belongs to which category?** Bacteria Virus Parasitic Fungus

Bacteria

**What is the concentration of sodium hypo chloride solution for blood spillage?** 1,000 ppm 10,000 ppm 100,000 ppm

10,000 ppm

**What is the concentration of sodium hydrochloride solution for body fluids?** 1,000 ppm 10,000 ppm 100,000 ppm

1,000 ppm

**Soiled linens, is placed in which bag?** Yellow Red Orange

Red

**RBC’s can be kept for how many days?** 52 days 42 days 35 days

42 days

**Genetic disorder of anemia?** Aplastic anemia Sickle cell anemia Folic acid deficiency anemia Iron deficiency anemia

Sickle cell anemia

**What anemia, that results when bone marrow fails to generate new blood cells** Aplastic anemia Sickle cell anemia

Aplastic anemia

**An effective way to gather information on pain** Tell me how you feel now Did your pain increase while coughing? Points of exact location of pain Ask about severity of pain

Tell me how you feel now

**Which one is not a symptom of alcohol withdrawal?** Agitation Anxiety Delirium Hunger

Hunger

**A client says that he wants to stop smoking. Which stage of change it indicate.** Action Preparation Contemplation Precontemplation

Preparation

**Identify the connecting tissue between the bone in a muscle?** Tendon Ligament Skin Cells

Tendon

**Which vitamin is needed for collagen synthesis?** Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C Vitamin K

Vitamin C

**How many stages are in wound healing?** 4 5 3

**What causes an ascites in cirrhosis?** Osmotic pressure Pressure in portal vein Bile salt Formation of albumin

Pressure in portal vein

**Dietary fiber diet is a?** Stimulant Stool softener Bulk former Laxative

Bulk former

**After a colostomy, a client questions about lifestyle changes. The nurse will refer the client to?** Social worker Stoma care nurse Dietitian

Stoma care nurse

**Diet for G.I. bleeding patients** NPO Sips of water Liquid diet Soft diet

NPO

**According to Maslow’s hierarchy, which is the most priority needs?** Physiological Safety needs Loving belongingness Self-esteem

Physiological

**Position for patient who had undergone hip replacement for lower limbs?** Abduction Adduction Section Neutral

Abduction

**According to Kubler, stages of grief, death, severe loss and sadness are characterized in which stage?** Depression Anger Denial Acceptance

Depression

**Emotional, psychological, spiritual data, collected in which nursing process step?** Implementation Assessments Planning Evaluation

Assessments Data are collected

**A patient undergoing ORIF with drain and sutures in situ after 48 hours what _not_ to expect?** Bloody discharge Redness Purulent discharge Mucus discharge

Purulent discharge

**What’s the first management in acute epistaxis?** Head tilt back Hot application Pinch the nose Head down between knees

Pinch the nose

**A woman comes to ER after RTA. She’s extremely anxious. What would be the appropriate response from the nurse?** Stay with a patient Empathy Silence Allow the patient expressed her concerns

Allow the patient expressed her concerns

**Which, among the following CANNOT be seen in Venous ulcers?** Heavy exudate Superficial Gangrene Pale wound bed

Gangrene

**A patient is with ulcer at lateral malleolus having pain is due to?** Infection Trauma Ischemia Edema

Edema

**A patient is having amnesia after head injury. Which artery of the brain is affected?** Posterior cerebral artery Anterior cerebral artery Carotid artery Basilar artery

Posterior cerebral artery

**Identify the monster grade for normal flexion in GCS** Motor 2 Motor 4 Motor 6

Motor 4

**An 85 year old lady admitted with severe ecchymosis bruises in the skin over arms. What may be the reason?** Increase capillary permeability Elderly abuse Self inflict Infection

Elderly abuse

**What is NOT found in arterial ulcer?** Deep wound bed Superficial wound bed Gangrene

Deep wound bed

**Where to begin discharge planning?** At the time of admission With a patient stable At the time of discharge

At the time of admission

**Which is NOT a characteristic of Venous ulcer?** Heavy thick exudate Superficial wound bed Deep wound bed

Deep wound bed

**The rules and responsibilities of nurses are influenced by which paradigm?** System model Developmental Model Behavioral Medical

Developmental Model

**While educating regarding exercise, the least consideration should be given for?** Age Race Gender Physical ability

Race

**What is the causes of TB?** Malnutrition Poverty Overcrowding All of the above

All of the above

**Pain on ulcers at medial malleolus is due to?** Ischemia Infection Edema

Ischemia