Therapeutic Massage and Soft Tissue Mob Flashcards
(23 cards)
What type of effects does massage have on body?
Mechanical, physiological, and psychological
What systems are affected by massage?
Circulatory, CNS, and musculoskeletal
What are the mechanical effects of massage?
- Increases lubricant effect and warmth
-Used to treat scar tissue and adhesions
-Promote and retain mobility of new skin tissues
-Over lungs, frees mucus
Physiological effects of massage on circulatory system?
-Change in skin color (b/c increased circulatory flow, blood velocity, and blood viscosity)
-Effects BP, HR, skin temp, conductivity, and oxygen consumption
-Increased release of histamine (causes dilation of minute blood vessels, flush/redness, slight swelling)
Physiological effects on nervous system?
-Spinal motor neuron excitability of spinal reflex pathways is reduced due to decreased H-reflex
-Inhibitory influence on a (alpha) motor neuron excitability
-Releases endorphines (reduces chronic pain)
Physiological effects on MS system
-Affects muscle fatigue
-Affects degree of muscle tone
Psychological Effects of massage?
-Positive
-Increased feeling of relaxation & rest
-Decreased anxiety level & stress hormone level
-Increased levels of immunoglobin A (improves immune system)
-Helps in reducing depression & adjustment disorders
-Improves pain outcomes, mental energy & self rated health
-Improves sleep
Absolute contraindications for massage
-Tissue inflammation/malignancy
-Circulatory disorders
-Abnormal sensations
-Skin disorders
-Recent, unhealed scars & open wounds
-Burns
-recent fractures
-Acute inflammation of joint & tissue
-DVT
-Advanced osteoporosis
Relative contraindications for massage
- Older people and children
-Fragile skin
-Early stages of osteoporosis
-Adults w/ learning and/or physical disabilities
-People recovering from infections and bone fracture
How to massage ticklish patients
-Always put hands in very firm contact and never lift off
-No one hand component (ex. fingers)
-Light works tickle, perform at max depth as tolerated
What are the basic types of soft tissue mobilization?
-Effleurage
-Stroking
-Petrissage
-Strumming
-Skin rolling
-Cross friction massage
What is effleurage? Goal?
-Light, gentle brushing on muscle and soft tissue from distal to proximal
-Pressure is applied using palms of hand in continuous stroke
-Goal: Relaxation, increased venous and lymphatic drainage
What is stroking? Goal?
-Long, superficial stroke applied along the length of tissue; Deeper than effleurage
-Goal: Relaxation
What is petrissage? Goal?
-Compression of soft tissue
-Kneading, rolling
-Goal: release areas of muscle fibrosis and to “milk” muscle of waste product due to trauma or inactivity
What is strumming?
-Involves repeated rhythmic deformations of a muscle belly in strumming fashion
What is cross friction massage? Goal?
-Applied to muscle, tendon, tendon sheaths, ligaments
-Rate of 2-3 cycles/second in rhythmic manner, pressure gradually increases, 3-5 minutes
-Goal: Increase mobility and extensibility of tissues prevent and treat inflammatory scar tissue
What is skin rolling?
-Gather tissue between thumb and index and middle finger and roll tissue in continuous pattern
-Goal: To assist with movement of superficial layers and superficial fascia
What is Graston or IASTM?
-Stainless steel tool to treat scar tissue
-A type of IASTM
-Faster rehab
-Requires additional training
What does IASTM stand for?
Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization
What is Strain Counterstrain? Uses?
-Uses passive positioning to relieve muscle, joint, and tissue tightness
-Involves identifying pain points and holding the tissue in place for 90 secs-3 min to relax the soft tissue, which reduces pain and stiffness
Manual lymphatic drainage use
-Manual hand movements that follow anatomical lymph pathways to move fluid and improve circulation
-Treats headaches, migraines, swollen legs, and more
What is trigger point/myofascial release? Goal?
-Soft tissue manual therapy for treatment of chronic muscular pain and immobility
-Focuses on reducing pain by easing tension and tightness in specified areas of pain
What does cupping entail? Purpose?
-Suction creates negative pressure environment allowing for myofascial decompression
-Muscle fibers lifted and draws blood to the area
