Therapeutics

Question 1

1st gen fluoroquinolone

Answer 1

ciprofloxacin

Question 2

2nd gen fluoroquinolone

Answer 2

levofolxacin

Question 3

3rd gen fluoroquinolone

Answer 3

moxifloxacin

Question 4

what does cipro cover

Answer 4

G-
NO G+
good for urinary bugs

Question 5

what does moxifloxacin cover

Answer 5

G- AND some G+

good for respiratory bugs

Question 6

3rd gen cephalosporins

Answer 6

ceftazadime and ceftriazone

Question 7

4th gen cephalosporin

Answer 7

cefapime

Question 8

what do 1st and 2nd gen cephalosporins cover

Answer 8

G+

Question 9

what do 3rd gen cephalosporins cover

Answer 9

G- and G+

Question 10

what do 4th gen cephalosporins cover

Answer 10

G- and pseudomonas

Question 11

Tx for CAP

Answer 11

Home: azithromycin po

Hosp: ceftriaxone + azithromycin IV

Alt hosp: moxifloxacin

Question 12

Tx for hospital acquired pneumo

Answer 12

vanc and pip/tazo

Question 13

tx for meningitis

Answer 13

ceftriaxone 2 g
+ vanc
+/- steroids
+/- ampicillin (if immunocomp)

Question 14

tx for UTI if preg

Answer 14

amoxicillin

Question 15

tx for UTI if female

Answer 15

nitrofurantonin

Question 16

tx for UTI if NO renal failure

Answer 16

bactrim

Question 17

tx for UTI if septic

Answer 17

ceftriaxone IV

Question 18

tx for ambulatory pyelonephritis

Answer 18

cipro

Question 19

tx for cellulitis

Answer 19

suspect MRSA

vanc or clinda or bactrim

Question 20

Tx choice for HTN + heart failure

Answer 20

ACEI/ARB + BB + diuretic + spironolactone

Question 21

Tx choice for HTN + CAD

Answer 21

ACEI, BB, diuretic, CCB

Question 22

Tx choice for HTN + DM

Answer 22

ACEI/ARB, CCB, diuretic

Question 23

Tx choice for HTN + CKD

Answer 23

ACEI/ARB

Question 24

Tx choice for HTN + recurrent stroke prevention

Answer 24

ACEI, diuretic

Question 25

Tx choice for HTN + pregnancy

Answer 25

labetolol (first line), nifedipine, methyldopa

Question 26

Name CCBs

Answer 26

amlodipine, felodipine

Question 27

Name ACEIs

Answer 27

lisinopril, quinapril, benazepril

Question 28

Name ARBs

Answer 28

losartan, valsartan

Question 29

Name thiazides

Answer 29

HCTZ, chlorthalidone

Question 30

Name loop diuretics

Answer 30

furosemide

Question 31

Name BBs

Answer 31

metoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol

Question 32

Name arterial dilators

Answer 32

hydralazine

Question 33

Name venodilators

Answer 33

isosorbide dinitrate, mononitrate

Question 34

name aldosterone antagonists

Answer 34

spironolactone (gynecomastia), eplerenone (no gynecomastia)

Question 35

SE of CCB

Answer 35

peripheral edema Not in HFrEF Anti-anginal

Question 36

SE of ACEI

Answer 36

↑ K+, ↑Cr, cough, angioedema ``` Can switch to ARB for any reason NOT if CKD class IV ```

Question 37

SE of ARB

Answer 37

↑ K+ and ↑ Cr Not if CKD class IV

Question 38

SE of thiazides

Answer 38

↓ K+ Stop if GFR ↓

Question 39

SE of Loops

Answer 39

↓ K+ Renal failure, CHF II-IV

Question 40

SE of BB

Answer 40

↓ HR CAD, CHF

Question 41

SE of arterial dilators

Answer 41

reflex tachy CHF

Question 42

SE of venodilators

Answer 42

W/ sildenafil causes unsafe drop in BP CHF

Question 43

SE of Aldosterone antag

Answer 43

↑ K+, gynecomastia CHF

Question 44

SE fo clonidine

Answer 44

rebound HTN | NEVER use for HTN

Question 45

SE of methotrexate

Answer 45

liver toxicity + inhibits folate must supplement with folate and check CBC and CMP within 6 wk of starting or increasing dose

Question 46

SE sildenafil

Answer 46

cyanopsia (blue discolored vision)

Question 47

CHF meds that dec mortality

Answer 47

ACE/ARB BB Nitrates + hydralazine Spironoalctone

Question 48

Meds that dec afterload

Answer 48

ACE (1st line for CHF) ARB BB Hydralazine . + Nitrates

Question 49

Meds that dec preload

Answer 49

loop diuretics K sparing diuretics HCTZ

Question 50

positive inotropes

Answer 50

digoxin dobutamine dopamine

Question 51

SE bisphosphonates

Answer 51

osteonecorsis of jaw

Question 52

SE oxcarbazepine

Answer 52

hyponatremia

Question 53

What is the most common side effect of oral sulfonylureas?

Answer 53

hypoglycemia

Question 54

Biguanide MOA

Answer 54

Metformin suppres hepatic gluconeogenesis and enhance insulin sensitivity of muscle and fat

Question 55

What DM2 med is CI in pts with pancreatitis

Answer 55

Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1)

Question 56

For every 100 mg/dL of glucose above 100 mg/dL, how much does the sodium level decrease by?

Answer 56

It decreases by 1.6 mEq/L