Thermo Dynamics Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
True or False: The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy in an isolated system always decreases.
False
Fill in the blank: The measure of disorder or randomness in a system is called _____.
entropy
What is the equation for the first law of thermodynamics?
ΔU = Q - W
What does ‘Q’ represent in the first law of thermodynamics?
Heat added to the system
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a state function? A) Heat B) Work C) Internal Energy D) Temperature
C) Internal Energy
What is a thermodynamic process?
A process in which a system undergoes a change in state.
True or False: In an isothermal process, temperature remains constant.
True
What is the equation for work done in an isothermal process for an ideal gas?
W = nRT ln(Vf/Vi)
Fill in the blank: The law stating that heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body is known as the _____.
second law of thermodynamics
What is the definition of a closed system?
A system that can exchange energy but not matter with its surroundings.
Multiple Choice: In which process does the internal energy of a system change? A) Isothermal B) Adiabatic C) Isobaric D) Isometric
B) Adiabatic
What does ‘W’ stand for in the first law of thermodynamics?
Work done by the system
True or False: Entropy can be considered a measure of energy quality.
True
What is the equation for the change in entropy for a reversible process?
ΔS = Qrev/T
Fill in the blank: An adiabatic process is one in which _____.
no heat is exchanged
What is the definition of an open system?
A system that can exchange both energy and matter with its surroundings.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following processes occurs at constant pressure? A) Isothermal B) Isobaric C) Isochoric D) Adiabatic
B) Isobaric
What is the significance of the Carnot cycle?
It is an idealized cycle that provides the maximum possible efficiency for a heat engine.
True or False: The efficiency of any heat engine is always less than 1.
True
What is the equation for efficiency (η) of a heat engine?
η = W_out/Q_in
Fill in the blank: The third law of thermodynamics states that as temperature approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches _____.
zero
What is meant by thermal equilibrium?
A state in which two bodies in contact do not exchange heat energy.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is not a type of thermodynamic process? A) Isothermal B) Adiabatic C) Isochoric D) Isotonic
D) Isotonic
