thermodynamics

Question 1

what is thermodynamics

Answer 1

study of exchange of is energy between system and surrounding

Question 2

what is a system

Answer 2

par of the universe under consideration is called the system

Question 3

condition for something to be a system

Answer 3

must have made

Question 4

system plus surrounding

Answer 4

universe

Question 5

types of system

Answer 5

open, closed, isolated

Question 6

describe open system

Answer 6

exchange of mass and energy is allowed

Question 7

describe closed system

Answer 7

exchange of energy is allowed

Question 8

describe isolated system

Answer 8

exchange between neither mass nor energy is allowed

Question 9

the only 100% isolated system

Answer 9

universe

Question 10

types of boundary

Answer 10

diathermic, adiabatic, rigid, movable

Question 11

describe diathermic boundary

Answer 11

heat can pass

Question 12

describe adiabatic boundary

Answer 12

heat cannot pass throught

Question 13

describe rigid boundary

Answer 13

cannot move

Question 14

describe movable boundary

Answer 14

can move

Question 15

what determines the state of a system

Answer 15

pressure, volume, temperature

Question 16

state variable are

Answer 16

pressure, volume, temperature

Question 17

if only p,v are known the system is

Answer 17

undefined

Question 18

if only p,v are known the system is

Answer 18

undefined

Question 19

if p,v,n are known the system is

Answer 19

defined

Question 20

what is a state function

Answer 20

the properties depend on the initial, final state o of the system and not path

Question 21

examples of state function

Answer 21

P,V,T,H,U,G,S

Question 22

what is a path function

Answer 22

properties of system depend of the path

Question 23

examples of path function

Answer 23

heat, wave

Question 24

describe extensive properties

Answer 24

mass, size dependent

Question 25

intensive properties

Answer 25

mass and size independent

Question 26

examples of extensive properties

Answer 26

internal energy, volume, H,S,G, capacity, heat, no of Moles, resistances, conductance

Question 27

examples of intensive properties

Answer 27

temp, pH, molarity, molality, normality, density, RI, specific heat, specific volume, EMF, specific resistence, resistivity

Question 28

if ex. prop/ex. prop =

Answer 28

intensive property

Question 29

if x /mass=

Answer 29

intensive

Question 30

x+y =

Answer 30

extensive properties

Question 31

extensive×intensive=

Answer 31

extensive

Question 32

types of process

Answer 32

isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, adiabatic,cyclic

Question 33

describe isothermal process

Answer 33

temperature constant, delta T,dT=0 PV=constant(Boyles law)

Question 34

describe isobaric process

Answer 34

pressure is constant, deltaP, dP=0

Question 35

what is Charles law

Answer 35

P=constant

Question 36

proportionality of volume with temperature in isobaric process

Answer 36

directly proportional

Question 37

proportionality of volume with temperature in isobaric process

Answer 37

directly proportional

Question 38

describe isochoric process

Answer 38

volume is constant, dV, delta V=0, p is directly proportional to T

Question 39

describe adiabatic process

Answer 39

heat is constant, Delta q, dq=0,

Question 40

cyclic process

Answer 40

where initial and final state are same

Question 41

functions in cyclic process

Answer 41

∆x,∆u,∆H,∆s,∆T=0

Question 42

zeroth law of thermodynamics

Answer 42

if the 1st and 2nd system are in equilibrium with 3rd system then there also in equilibrium with each other

Question 43

conclusion of zeroth law of thermodynamics

Answer 43

heat exchang takes place until thermal equilibrium is achieved

Question 44

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 44

energy can neither be created nor be destroyed

Question 45

energy is universe is

Answer 45

constant

Question 46

energy of isolated system is

Answer 46

constant

Question 47

mathematical expression for flot

Answer 47

∆u=q+w

Question 48

variation for flot

Answer 48

u2=u1+q+w

Question 49

if heat is absorbed by the system , q

Answer 49

is positive

Question 50

if heat is released by the system, q

Answer 50

is negative

Question 51

if heat is released by the system, q

Answer 51

is negative

Question 52

if work done on the system ,w

Answer 52

positive

Question 53

if work done by the system on itself, w

Answer 53

negative

Question 54

if internal energy increases,∆u

Answer 54

positive

Question 55

if internal energy decreases,∆u is

Answer 55

negative

Question 56

for expansion, work done by system

Answer 56

negative

Question 57

for compression, work done on the system, work

Answer 57

positive

Question 58

for isothermal previews flot

Answer 58

∆u=0 (u~f/2nRT) q=-w

Question 59

for isobaric process flot

Answer 59

p=constant ∆u=q+w

Question 60

for isochoric process flot

Answer 60

∆u=q ( w=-pex.dv)

Question 61

for adiabatic process flot

Answer 61

∆u=w(q=0)

Question 62

for cyclic process flot

Answer 62

∆u=0 q=-w

Question 63

is gravitational energy internal energy

Answer 63

no

Question 64

characteristics of internal energy

Answer 64

extensive, state function, u~f/2nRT, does not depend on nature is container

Question 65

what is enthalpy

Answer 65

total heart content of system at constant temperature and pressure

Question 66

mathematical equation for enthalpy

Answer 66

H=u+pv

Question 67

enthalpy can be written as

Answer 67

∆H=∆s+∆PV

Question 68

if p is constant, enthalpy

Answer 68

∆H=∆u+p∆v

Question 69

for gaseous reaction if p is constant , enthalpy

Answer 69

∆h=∆u+∆nrT

Question 70

for solid to liquid, liquid to liquid i if pp is constant, enthalpy

Answer 70

∆h=∆u

Question 71

if v is constant, enthalpy

Answer 71

∆h=∆u+v∆p

Question 72

if pv is constant then enthalpy

Answer 72

∆h=∆u+∆ngRT

Question 73

what is ∆ng

Answer 73

summation of Moles of product-summation of Moles of reactant

Question 74

if ∆ng>0 then

Answer 74

∆h>∆u

Question 75

if ∆ng<0 then

Answer 75

∆h<∆u

Question 76

if ∆ng=0 then

Answer 76

∆h=∆u