Thermodynamics

Question 1

specific heat capacity

Answer 1

the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1ºC/1K without changing its state

Question 2

Specific latent heat

Answer 2

the amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of material without changing its temperature

Question 3

Internal energy of a body is equal to…

Answer 3

the sum of all kinetic energies and potential energies of all its particles.

Question 4

When the state of a substance is changed…

Answer 4

its internal energy also changes

Question 5

Absolut zero

Answer 5

(-273ºC, 0K) the lowest possible temperature and is the tempertaure a which particles have no kinetic energy and the volume and pressure of a gas are zero

Question 6

Kelvin formula

Answer 6

K = c+ 273

Question 7

Average molecule kinetic energy

Answer 7

3/2kT

Question 8

Kinetic theory model assumptions

Answer 8

• No intermolecular forces act on the molecules
• The duration of collision is negligible in comparison between collisions
• The motion of molecules is random, and they experience perfectly elastic collisions
• The motion of molecules follows newton’s laws
• The molecules move in straight lines between collisions

Question 9

Ideal gas

Answer 9

there is no interaction other than perfectly elastic collisions between the gas molecules, which shows that no intermolecular forces act between molecules.

Question 10

As potential energy is associated with intermolecular forces…

Answer 10

an ideal gas has no potential energy, therefore its internal energy is equal to the sum of the kinetic energies of all its particles