Thermodynamics Flashcards
(16 cards)
in which direction does the reaction spontaneously proceed if Q < K?
to the right
in which direction does the reaction spontaneously proceed if Q > K?
to the left
When equilibrium is reached what is Q equal to?
Q = K
When equilibrium is reached what is ∆G equal to?
∆G = 0 at equilibrium
How to calculate ∆G given Q and K
∆G = RT ln Q/K (if < 0 then spontaneous)
for the equation ∆G = ∆H -T∆S, what are the conditions for a reaction at equilibrium?
∆G and ∆S must be SAME SIGN, this makes the reaction reversible
If the reaction is exothermic and entropy is high, is the reaction reversible?
∆G < 0 => always spontaneous = irreversible
if reaction is endothermic and entropy is low, is the reaction reversible?
∆G > 0 => always non-spontaneous = impossible reaction
How to determine ∆G* using K?
∆G* = - RT ln K
How to determine ∆G using ∆G* and K?
∆G = ∆G* + RT ln K ∆G = ∆H - T∆S + RT ln K
What is nernst distribution law?
ratio distribution of a substance between 2 phases:
[A]phase 1/ [A] phase2 = K
What method of separation is used for fluid and fluid?
2 immiscible fluid (heavier phase is released first)
What method of separation is used for fluid and solid
liquid chromatography
What method of separation is used for fluid and gaseous phase?
gas chromatography
What method of separation is used for solid and gaseous phase?
gas chromatography
Name two processes in which entropy inceases
- entropy increase when the number of gas particles increases
- in endothermic reactions, entropy increases
