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Musculoeskelatal > Thigh and Popliteal Fossa > Flashcards

Thigh and Popliteal Fossa Flashcards

(37 cards)

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1
Q

Long bone of femur

A

Longest bone in the body; very strong

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2
Q

Head of femur

A

Point of articulation with acetabulum of coxal bone

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3
Q

Neck of femur

A

Common fracture site

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4
Q

Greater trochanter

A

Attachment site for several gluteal muscles; point of hip

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5
Q

Lesser trochanter

A

Attachment site of iliopsoas tendon

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6
Q

Distal Condyles

A

Medial and lateral (smaller) sites that articulate with tibial condyles

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7
Q

Patella

A

Sesamoid bone embedded in quadriceps femoris tendon

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8
Q

Proximal and distal joints of femur

A

Proximal: coxo-femoral

Distal

  • patellofemoral
  • tibiofemoral
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9
Q

Proximal ligaments of femur (6)

A
  1. Iliofemoral
  2. Pubofemoral
  3. Ischiofemoral
  4. Acetabular labrum
  5. Transverse acetabular
  6. Ligament of head of femur
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10
Q

Distal ligaments of femur (4)

A
  1. Iliotibial track
  2. Fibular collateral
  3. Tibial collateral
  4. Pas anserinus
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11
Q

Muscles compartments of thigh (3)

A

Anterior (extensor) compartment
Medial (adductor) compartment
Posterior (flexor) compartment

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12
Q

Quadriceps Femoris

A

Attaches to the patella by the quadriceps femoris tendon and to the tibia by the patellar ligament.

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13
Q

Muscles of anterior compartment

A

Are primarily extensors of the leg at the knee:
- Two can secondarily flex the hip (sartorius and rectus femoris).
- Are innervated by the femoral nerve.
- Are supplied by the femoral artery and deep femoral artery of
the thigh.

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14
Q

Trajectory of psoas major and iliacus muscle

A

Pass from the posterior abdominal wall to the anterior thigh by passing deep to the inguinal ligament to insert on the lesser trochanter of the femur.

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15
Q

Powerful flexors of hip joint (2)

A

Psoas major and Iliacus

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16
Q

Psoas major

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A

Origin: Sides of T12–L5 vertebrae and discs between them; transverse
processes of all lumbar vertebrae

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

Nerve: Ventral rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3)

Fx: Acts jointly with iliacus in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing hip joint

17
Q

Iliacus

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A

Origin: Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

Insertion: Tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter, and femur

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Fx: Acts jointly with psoas major in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing hip joint

18
Q

Sartorius

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A

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine and superior part of notch inferior to it

Insertion: Superior part of medial surface of tibia

Nerve: Femoral nerve

Fx: Flexes, ABducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes knee joint

19
Q

Rectus femoris

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A

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine and ilium superior to acetabulum
Insertion: Base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Nerve: femoral nerve
Fx: Extends leg at knee joint, steadies hip joint and, helps iliopsoas to flex thigh at hip

20
Q

Vastus lateralis

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A

Origin: Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: Base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Nerve: femoral nerve
Fx: Extends leg at knee

21
Q

Vastus medialis

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A

Origin: Intertrochanteric line and medial hip of linea aspera of femur
Insertion: Base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Nerve: femoral nerve
Fx: Extends leg at knee

22
Q

Vastus intermedius

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A

Origin: Anterior and lateral surface of femoral shaft
Insertion: Base of patella and by patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Nerve: femoral nerve
Fx: Extends leg at knee

23
Q

Femoral triangle location and boundaries

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A

Located on the anterosuperior aspect of the thigh:

  • Inguinal ligament: forms the base of the triangle.
  • Sartorius muscle: forms the lateral boundary.
  • Adductor longus muscle: forms the medial boundary.
24
Q

Femoral vessels course through this canal and become the popliteal vessels posterior to the knee.

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A

Adductor (Hunter’s) Canal

25
Content of femoral triangle
Femoral nerve and vessels as they pass beneath the inguinal ligament and gain access to the anterior thigh.
26
Femoral canal and ring
Canal: most medial portion of the femoral sheath Ring: lymphatics drain through here to the external iliac lymph nodes.
27
Weak point and the site for femoral hernias.
Femoral ring and canal
28
Medial Compartment Thigh Muscles,
- Are primarily adductors of the thigh at the hip. - Most can secondarily flex and/or rotate the thigh. - Are largely innervated by the obturator nerve. - Are supplied by the obturator artery and deep (femoral) artery of the thigh.
29
Pectineus
Origin: Superior ramus of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter Nerve: Femoral nerve; may receive branch from obturator nerve Fx: Adducts and flexes hip joint; assists with medial rotation of thigh
30
ADductor longus
Origin: Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest Insertion: Middle third of linea aspera of femur Fx: Adducts hip joint Nerve: Obturator nerve
31
ADuctor brevis
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur Nerve: Obturator nerve Fx: Adducts thigh at hip and, flexes it
32
Adductor magnus
Origin: - Adductor part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium - Hamstring part: ischial tuberosity Insertion: - Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line - Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur Nerve: - Adductor part: obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4) - Hamstring part: tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4) Fx: Adducts thigh at hip; the adductor part also flexes the thigh at hip and the hamstring part extends it
33
Gracilis
Origin: Body and inferior ramus of pubis Insertion: Superior part of medial surface of tibia Nerve: Obturator nerve (L2, L3) Fx: Adducts thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee and helps rotate it medially
34
Obturator externus
Origin: Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur Nerve: Obturator nerve (L3, L4) Fx: Rotates thigh laterally at hip; steadies femoral head in acetabulum
35
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial surface of superior part of tibia Nerve: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2) Fx: Extends thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee and rotates it medially; with flexed hip and knee, extends trunk
36
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia Nerve: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2) Fx: Extends thigh at hip; flexes leg at knee and rotates it medially; with flexed hip and knee, extends trunk
37
Biceps femoris
Origin: - Long head: ischial tuberosity - Short head: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur Insertion: Lateral side of fibula; tendon at this site split by fibular collateral ligament of knee Nerve: - Long head: Tibial division of sciatic nerve - Short head: Common fibular division of sciatic nerve Fx: Flexes leg at knee and rotates it laterally; extends thigh at hip

Musculoeskelatal (6 decks)

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