Thing I need help with Flashcards
What is a gene verse an allele
A gene is a segment of a chromosome, which is encoded by DNA, and genes come in pairs called alleles, and each allele is a variation of that gene.
What is the dominant allele and what does it do the recessive allele.
The dominant allele is the stronger allele and it makes the recessive allele.
What is the recessive allele
It is the weaker allele and only is expressed when both alleles are recessive.
What is the genotype
It is the genes that an organism has
What is the phenotype
It is the traits the organism has
Define a homozygous and heterozygous allele pairs
Homozygous: when an organism has two of the same allele
Heterozygous: when an organism has a dominant allele or a recessive allele. The alleles are not the same.
What are the main principles of Mendelian genetics.
A. Each trait is controlled by two genes called alleles
B. Alleles can be either dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles mask recessive alleles.
C. Each offspring gets one allele from each parent.
Who was one of the first people to study genetics
Gregor Mendel
What do chromosome do during reproduction
Chromosomes separate during reproduction, and eachsex cell gets one allele for a trait, so the offspring gets a random allele from both of the parents.
What is an incomplete dominant allele
An allele that isn’t completely dominant and doesn’t complete mask the recessive allele, where both traits are expressed in an organism, result in some sort of blending.
What is a co-dominant trait
Where neither allele is dominant over the other, result in some sort of blending.
What is and examples of a genetic disease.
Cystic fibrosis which is lung disease that comes from the gene CFTR, (Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.
What is a genetic disease called when is it carried on the X or y chromosome
Sex-linked disease
A male offspring receives one __ chromosome from the mother and one __ chromosome from the father.
X, Y
What is crystal structure
It is a material with a repeating, orderly atoms
What is the distance from the Earth to the Sun
One AU/ Astronomical Unit, 150,000,000
What it the formula for speed
S=D/T
What is the formula of acceleration
Acceleration=
Final velocity-initial velocity/Time
Fnet/Mass
What is the formula for work
W= Force x distance
What is the formula of power
P= Work/Time
What is DC and AC current
DC: the charge of electricity stays the same and they move in the same direction. Ex: Electricity from a battery
AC: the charge of electricity changes and alternates direction periodically. Ex: Electricity from an outlet
What is the formula for voltage
Voltage=Current x resistance
What does ohms measure
Resistance
What does amperes (A) measure
Current
