Things Idk Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is Relative Atomic Mass?
The average mass of an atom of an element (taking into account the relative abundances of isotopes) compared to one twelfth of the mass of one Carbon-12 atom
What is Relative Isotopic Mass?
The mass of an atom of an isotope compared to one twelfth of the mass of one C-12 atom
What is the relative molecule mass?
The sum of all the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule compared to one twelfth of the mass of one atom of C-12
What is the relative formula mass?
The sum of all of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in a formula compared to one twelfth of the mass of one atom of C-12
What is periodicity?
The regular, repeating pattern of physical, chemical or atomic properties with increasing mass number (along a period)
What is a homologous series?
Compounds with the same functional group only differing by CH2, sharing similar chemical properties and a gradual trend in physical properties with chain length
What are isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula, different arrangement of atoms in space
What are structural isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structural formula
What are stereoisomers?
Compounds with the same structural formula but different arrangement of atoms in space
What are London forces?
instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces arising from the random movement of electrons in molecules.
mainly influenced by the number of electrons present in a molecule: more electrons leads to stronger London forces
(may also be influenced by how close the molecules can get: closer = stronger).
What are E-Z isomers?
Different arrangement of substituents either side of a C=C bond
What are optical isomers?
pairs of molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images
What is the standard enthalpy of reaction?
the enthalpy change when the number of moles of substances shown by an equation as written react under standard conditions
(298K, 100kPa), with all reactants and products in the states given
What is a dynamic equilibrium?
where the rates of forwards and backwards reactions are equal
and relative quantities of reactants and products are unchanging
What is rate of reaction?
The change in concentration of products or reactants per unit time
What is half-life?
The time taken for the concentration of a substance to fall to half of its initial value
What is a buffer solution?
A mixture of a weak acid and its salt, that will resist changes in pH when small amount of acid or alkali are added to it
What is mean bond enthalpy?
The energy required to break one mole of bonds in the gaseous states, averaged across a range of compounds
What is the enthalpy of atomisation
The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms are produced from an element in its standard state, under standard conditions
What is the standard enthalpy of solution?
The enthalpy changed when one mole of a solute dissolved completely in the solvent to form a solution where the ions far enough apart to not interact, under standard conditions
What is the enthalpy of hydration?
The enthalpy change when one mole of ion in the gaseous state is surrounded by water molecules
What is a half-cell or electrode?
Equilibrium consisting of a solid metal in a solution of its own ions
What is the standard electrode potential?
Voltage produced by a half-cell when connected to a standard hydrogen electrode, under standard conditions
What is the standard hydrogen electrode?
A platinum electrode in a 1mol dm-3 solution of H+, and H2 gas is passed over at 100kPa with a voltage of 0.00V
