things that are gonna come up Flashcards
What are the disadvantages of using immobilised enzymes in the industry?
expensive equipment, takes a long time, enzymes may be less active and can’t mix freely with the substrate
Why would it be less expensive to use immobilised enzymes?
They can be used multiple times
Label genetic engineering diagram
remember: pressure gauge at the top right, ph probe above temperature probe on the right, oxygen concentration probe on the left, sterile nutrient medium is the liquid inside, impeller is what mixes everything
What kingdom is algae?
Protista
what is the answer to the question after the algae question?
DNA/test the DNA
When is it inappropriate to use the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
When there is a small population and it has been assumed that no mutations have occurred
Explain how genetic variation happens:
Mutation, during meiosis, independent assortment
Compare the structures of glucose and starch:
Glucose - monosaccharide Starch - polysaccharide Glucose - soluble in water Starch - insoluble in water Starch - 1,4 1,6 glycosidic bonds Glucose - 1,4 glycosidic bonds
Why would you use flies and mice for body plan research?
Small, easy to keep, short life cycle
What are immobilized enzymes?
Enzymes that have been trapped into an inert matrix or material (such as calcium alginate) which prevents them from moving
What are immobilized enzymes used for?
making lactose-free milk, used to manufacture medicines and antibiotics
What is the carbon cycle?
A sequence of processes by which carbon moves from the atmosphere, through living and dead organisms, into sediments and into the atmosphere again
What is the first step of the carbon cycle?
Carbon enters the atmosphere by: respiration in organisms (e.g. animals breathing), combustion (e.g. burning of fossil fuels/wood), decomposition and decay (microorganisms respiration)
What is the second step of the carbon cycle?
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by producers in photosynthesis
What is the third step of the carbon cycle?
Carbon transfers from organism to organism. Animals eat plants consuming the carbon content and animals eat other animals transferring carbon from one to another
