things to remember Flashcards by Stephanie Dunn

suggested percussion and auscultation areas: ANTERIOR

apex above clavicle on both sides
2nd ICS MCL (just under sternal notch) on both sides
4th ICS MCL (level of middle lobe on R side)
just below nipples at MCL (6th ICS)
just under axilla

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suggested percussuion and auscultation areas: POSTERIOR

apex: around rib 1 just lateral to spine
T4 MCL
T8 MCL

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what is the spinal level of the umbilicus?

L3/4

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what is the spinal level of the crest of the ilium?

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what is the spinal level of the tubercle of the ilium?

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what is the spinal level of ASIS?

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what plane is at the level of the end of the 9th CC?

transpyloric plane

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describe the surface marking of the liver

R 5th rib MCL –> L 5th ICS in MCL

- lower border follows costal margin

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describe the surface marking of the gall bladder

where transpyloric plane meets R MCL

at tip of 9th CC

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where is McBurney’s point? what is there?

APPENDIX

1/3 of distance from ASIS to umbilicus

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where is the caecum?

triangular area bounded by inter tubercular line and lateral half of R inguinal ligament and inferior part of MCL

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what should you do for an unresponsive child?

5 rescue breaths
15 chest compression
2 rescue breaths
15 chest compressions

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what should you do for an adult choking?

ask to cough
unconscious: CPR
conscious: 5 back blows, 5 abdo thrusts

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how do the thrusts change in infants?

do thrusts on chest in infant

- abdominal thrusts for child over 1

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what are the levels of the suprasternal notch, sternal angle and xiphisternum?

suprasternal = T2/3
sternal angle= T4/5
xiphisternum = T9

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where can you feel the brachial artery?

middle 1/3 of shaft of humerus in bicipital groove

- in cubital fossa

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where can you feel the radial and ulnar pulses?

radial: lateral to FCR tendon
ulnar: under lateral border of FCU

what is the location of inguinal ligament?

from ASIS to pubic tubercle

what is the location of superficial inguinal ring?

just superior to pubic tubercle

what is the location of the deep inguinal ring?

1/2 inch above midpoint of inguinal ligament

what is the difference between a male and female pelvic girdle?

pelvic inlet: oval in females, heart in males

- subpubic angle: wide (>80 degrees) in females, narrow (50-60) in males

where would you find the femoral pulse?

below inguinal ligament

- about midway b/ symphysis pubis and ASIS

what is the afferent arm of accomodation reflex?

ganglion cells
optic nerve
optic tracts
pretectal nucleus
EW nucleus

what is the efferent arm of accomodation reflex?

EW nuclei
Parasympathetic fibres along occulomotor
ciliary ganglion
PNS fibres along ciliary nerves
sphincter pupillae = constriction

what is the afferent arm of the corneal reflex?

touch sensation impulse sent along opthalmic branch of trigeminal

what is the efferent arm of the corneal reflex?

from facial motor nucleus along facial nerve to orbicularis oculi

what movements do the proximal and radial ulnar joints allow?

- pronation | - supination

where are the dermatomes of C6, C7 and C8?

C6 - thumb and half of second finger C7 - 2nd half of 2nd finger, 3rd finger and half of 4th C8 -half of 4th finger and little finger

how do you carry out the biceps reflex?

pt crosses legs and rests arms on leg forearm facing up pt stays fully relaxed

what are the borders of the axilla?

ant: pec major, minor post: scapularis, teres major, lat dorsi medial: serratus anterior, thoracic wall lateral: intertubercular sulcus

what are the border of the anatomical snuff box?

medial: tendon of EPL lateral: tendon of APL and EPB proximal: styloid process of radius

what is the function of iliopsoas?

flexion and lateral rotation of thigh

what muscles are in the anterior compartment of leg?

- tibialis anterior - EHL - EDL - supplied by anterior tibial artery - deep fibular nerve

what is in the lateral compartment of leg? innervation?

- PL - PB - fibular nerve

what are the muscles in the posterior compartment of leg? innervation and blood supply?

superficial = soleus, gastrocnemius, plantaris deep = popliteus, FHL, FDL posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial nerve

where can you palpate the popliteal pulse?

midline in inferior part of popliteal fossa while their knee is flexed to relax hamstring

where can you palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse?

dorsum of foot in 1st intermetatarsal space, just lateral to EDH tendon

where can you palpate the posterior tibial artery?

behind and below medial malleouls | hold ankle of pt while they are lying on bed

what are the surface markings of the sciatic nerve?

- leaves greater sciatic foramen - enters gluteal region midway b/ PSIS and ischial tuberosity - travels down halfway b/ ischial tuberosity

what are borders of the femoral triangle?

- sup: inguinal ligament - lateral: sartorius - medial: adductor longus

what are the borders of the popliteal fossa?

- superolateral: biceps femoris - superomedial: semimembranosus and semitendinosus - inferolateral: lateral border of gastrocnemius, plantarias - inferomedial: medial border of gastrocnemius